Bishop Meghan, Astolfi Matthew, Padegimas Eric, DeLuca Peter, Hammoud Sommer
Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2017 Dec 19;5(12):2325967117745530. doi: 10.1177/2325967117745530. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Numerous reports have described players in professional American sports leagues who have been sidelined with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or a pulmonary embolism (PE), but little is known about the clinical implications of these events in professional athletes.
To conduct a retrospective review of injury reports from the National Hockey League (NHL), Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Football League (NFL) to take a closer look at the incidence of DVT/PE, current treatment approaches, and estimated time to return to play in professional athletes.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
An online search of all team injury and media reports of DVT/PE in NHL, MLB, NBA, and NFL players available for public record was conducted by use of Google, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus. Searches were conducted using the professional team name combined with , , and .
A total of 55 venous thromboembolism (VTE) events were identified from 1999 through 2016 (NHL, n = 22; MLB, n = 16; NFL, n = 12; NBA, n = 5). Nineteen athletes were reported to have an upper extremity DVT, 15 had a lower extremity DVT, 15 had a PE, and 6 had DVT with PE. Six athletes sustained more than 1 VTE. The mean age at time of VTE was 29.3 years (range, 19-42 years). Mean (±SD) time lost from play was 6.7 ± 4.9 months (range, 3 days to career end). Seven athletes did not return to play. Players with upper extremity DVT had a faster return to play (mean ± SD, 4.3 ± 2.7 months) than those with lower extremity DVT (5.9 ± 3.8 months), PE (10.8 ± 6.8 months), or DVT with PE (8.2 ± 2.6 months) ( = 5.69, = .002). No significant difference was found regarding time of return to play between sports.
VTE in professional athletes led to an average of 6.7 months lost from play. The majority of athletes were able to return to play after a period of anticoagulation or surgery. Those with an upper extremity DVT returned to play faster than those with other types of VTE. Further study is needed to look into modifiable risk factors for these events and to establish treatment and return-to-play guidelines to ensure the safety of these athletes.
众多报告描述了美国职业体育联盟中因深静脉血栓形成（DVT）或肺栓塞（PE）而缺阵的运动员，但这些事件对职业运动员的临床影响却鲜为人知。
对国家冰球联盟（NHL）、美国职业棒球大联盟（MLB）、美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）和国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）的伤病报告进行回顾性研究，以更深入地了解DVT/PE的发病率、当前治疗方法以及职业运动员预计的重返赛场时间。
描述性流行病学研究。
通过谷歌、PubMed和SPORTDiscus对NHL、MLB、NBA和NFL球员中所有可公开记录的DVT/PE球队伤病和媒体报道进行在线搜索。搜索使用职业球队名称并结合 、 和 进行。
1999年至2016年共确定了55例静脉血栓栓塞（VTE）事件（NHL，n = 22；MLB，n = 16；NFL，n = 12；NBA, n = 5）。据报道，19名运动员发生上肢DVT，15名发生下肢DVT，15名发生PE，6名发生DVT合并PE。6名运动员发生不止1次VTE。VTE发生时的平均年龄为29.3岁（范围19 - 42岁）。平均（±标准差）缺阵时间为6.7±4.9个月（范围3天至职业生涯结束）。7名运动员未重返赛场。上肢DVT的运动员比下肢DVT（5.9±3.8个月）、PE（10.8±6.8个月）或DVT合并PE（8.2±2.6个月）的运动员重返赛场更快（平均±标准差，4.3±2.7个月）（ = 5.69， = .002）。不同运动项目之间在重返赛场时间方面未发现显著差异。
职业运动员发生VTE导致平均缺阵6.7个月。大多数运动员在经过一段时间的抗凝治疗或手术后能够重返赛场。上肢DVT的运动员比其他类型VTE的运动员重返赛场更快。需要进一步研究以探讨这些事件的可改变风险因素，并制定治疗和重返赛场指南，以确保这些运动员的安全。
