Oeverhaus M, Hirche H, Esser J, Eckstein A, Schaperdoth-Gerlings B
Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.
Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologe. 2019 Feb;116(2):164-171. doi: 10.1007/s00347-017-0643-3.
Patients with irreversible visual impairment need individual visual rehabilitation to regain or improve reading ability and mobility. To analyze the prescription of low vision aids (LVA) and their relation to age, we performed a retrospective chart analysis of our specialized low vision outpatient clinic.
Patient charts of all patients who attended our low vision outpatient clinic from 2014-2016 were analyzed with respect to the diagnosis, visual acuity, magnification needs, age and prescribed or used LVA.
The evaluation comprised data from 1548 patients (age 0-97 years). Most patients (72%) were underage (<18 years). Retinoblastoma (11%), congenital cataract (10%) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD, 6%) were the most frequent diagnoses. Mean magnification need of the 568 patients with LVAs was 9.9 ± 7. Desktop video magnifiers (22%), cut-off filter spectacles (15%) and electronic magnifiers (13%) were most commonly prescribed. Children and juveniles used smart phones and tablets (smart devices) as a LVA significantly more often (8% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.01) compared to older visually impaired patients (>60 years). Electronic magnifying devices were more often prescribed to these older patients (30% vs. 3%, p < 0.01).
The visual rehabilitation showed significant differences between underage and older visually impaired patients. Children and juveniles needed electronic magnifiers less often because they used smart devices as a mobile LVA. This significant difference might be due to much lower social stigmatization of smart devices and the higher affinity to technology of this age group. Based on the positive experiences of younger visually impaired patients, such smart devices should also be introduced to older patients.
不可逆视力损害患者需要个性化的视力康复，以恢复或提高阅读能力和行动能力。为分析低视力辅助器具（LVA）的处方及其与年龄的关系，我们对我院专业低视力门诊进行了一项回顾性病历分析。
分析2014年至2016年在我院低视力门诊就诊的所有患者的病历，内容包括诊断、视力、放大需求、年龄以及处方或使用的LVA。
评估涵盖了1548例患者（年龄0至97岁）。大多数患者（72%）为未成年人（<18岁）。视网膜母细胞瘤（11%）、先天性白内障（10%）和年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD，6%）是最常见的诊断。568例使用LVA的患者的平均放大需求为9.9±7。最常处方的是桌面视频放大镜（22%）、截止滤光眼镜（15%）和电子放大镜（13%）。与老年视力受损患者（>60岁）相比，儿童和青少年更常将智能手机和平板电脑（智能设备）用作LVA（8%对0.6%，p<0.01）。这些老年患者更常被处方使用电子放大设备（30%对3%，p<0.01）。
视力康复在未成年和老年视力受损患者之间存在显著差异。儿童和青少年较少需要电子放大镜，因为他们将智能设备用作移动LVA。这种显著差异可能是由于智能设备的社会污名化程度低得多，以及该年龄组对技术的亲和力更高。基于年轻视力受损患者的积极经验，此类智能设备也应引入老年患者。
