Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Nutr Rev. 2018 Mar 1;76(3):154-173. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nux066.
Parent interventions delivered in the home represent a valuable approach to improving children's diets.
This review aims to examine the effectiveness of parent-targeted in-home interventions in increasing fruit and vegetable intake in children.
Five electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO.
Randomized and nonrandomized trials conducted in children aged 2 to 12 years and published in English from 2000 to 2016 were eligible.
Eighteen publications were reviewed, and 12 randomized trials were analyzed. Studies were pooled on the basis of outcome measure and type of intervention, resulting in 3 separate meta-analyses.
Nutrition education interventions resulted in a small but significant increase in fruit intake (Hedges' g = 0.112; P = 0.028). Taste exposure interventions led to a significant increase in vegetable intake, with a moderate effect (Hedges' g = 0.438; P < 0.001). Interventions involving daily or weekly sessions reported positive outcomes more frequently than those using monthly sessions.
Future interventions should incorporate regular taste exposure to maximize increases in vegetable intake in children. This is particularly important because fewer children meet national recommendations for vegetable intake than for fruit intake.
在家中进行的家长干预是改善儿童饮食的一种有效方法。
本综述旨在考察针对家长的家庭干预措施在增加儿童水果和蔬菜摄入量方面的有效性。
检索了五个电子数据库：MEDLINE、Embase、PubMed、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO。
符合条件的研究为 2000 年至 2016 年间发表的、针对年龄在 2 至 12 岁儿童进行的、以英语发表的随机和非随机试验。
共审查了 18 篇文献，并对 12 项随机试验进行了分析。根据测量结果和干预类型将研究进行汇总，共进行了 3 项单独的荟萃分析。
营养教育干预可使水果摄入量略有但显著增加（Hedges' g = 0.112；P = 0.028）。味觉暴露干预可显著增加蔬菜摄入量，效果中等（Hedges' g = 0.438；P < 0.001）。每日或每周进行干预的报告阳性结果的频率高于每月进行干预的报告阳性结果的频率。
未来的干预措施应纳入定期的味觉暴露，以最大限度地增加儿童的蔬菜摄入量。这一点尤为重要，因为满足国家蔬菜摄入量建议的儿童比满足水果摄入量建议的儿童要少。
