Stelzer Eva-Maria, Lang Frieder R, Hörl Melanie, Kamin Stefan T, Claxton-Oldfield Stephen
1 Institute of Psychogerontology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany.
2 Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2018 Feb;35(2):304-315. doi: 10.1177/1049909117706958.
The present study examined gender differences in motivations for volunteering for hospice using a German version of the Inventory of Motivations for Hospice Palliative Care Volunteerism (IMHPCV). The IMHPCV was translated into German and back-translated into English following the World Health Organization's guidelines for the translation and adaptation of instruments. In an online survey, 599 female and 127 male hospice volunteers from hospice organizations throughout Germany completed the translated version of the IMHPCV, the Scales of the Attitude Structure of Volunteers as well as questions pertaining to their volunteer experience. Based on an exploratory structural equation modeling approach, adequate model fit was found for the expected factor structure of the German version of the IMHPCV. The IMHPCV showed adequate internal consistency and construct validity. Both female and male hospice volunteers found altruistic motives and humanitarian concerns most influential in their decision to volunteer for hospice. Personal gain was least influential. Men rated self-promotion, civic responsibility, and leisure as more important than women. Analyses provided support for the use of the IMHPCV as a measurement tool to assess motivations to volunteer for hospice. Implications for recruitment and retention of hospice volunteers, in particular males, are given.
本研究使用德语版临终关怀姑息治疗志愿服务动机量表(IMHPCV),考察了临终关怀志愿服务动机中的性别差异。IMHPCV按照世界卫生组织关于工具翻译和改编的指南被翻译成德语,然后再回译成英语。在一项在线调查中,来自德国各地临终关怀组织的599名女性和127名男性临终关怀志愿者完成了IMHPCV的翻译版本、志愿者态度结构量表以及与他们的志愿者经历相关的问题。基于探索性结构方程建模方法,发现德语版IMHPCV的预期因子结构具有良好的模型拟合度。IMHPCV显示出足够的内部一致性和结构效度。女性和男性临终关怀志愿者都认为利他动机和人道主义关怀对他们决定从事临终关怀志愿服务的影响最大。个人利益的影响最小。男性认为自我提升、公民责任和休闲比女性更重要。分析结果支持将IMHPCV用作评估临终关怀志愿服务动机的测量工具。文中给出了对临终关怀志愿者招募和留用的启示,特别是针对男性志愿者。