Wachowiak Witold, Perry Annika, Donnelly Kevin, Cavers Stephen
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh Penicuik Midlothian UK.
Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of Sciences Kórnik Poland.
Ecol Evol. 2017 Dec 3;8(1):655-666. doi: 10.1002/ece3.3690. eCollection 2018 Jan.
Closely related taxa occupying different environments are valuable systems for studying evolution. In this study, we examined differences in early phenology (bud set, bud burst) and early growth in a common garden trial of closely related pine species: and . Seeds for the trial were sourced from populations across the ranges of each species in Europe. Over first 4 years of development, clear differences were observed between species, while the most significant intraspecific differentiation was observed among plants from populations from continental European locations. Trait differences within were highly correlated with altitude and latitude of the site of origin. Meanwhile, populations from the Carpathians had the earliest bud set and bud flush compared to other populations of the species. Overall, populations from the complex from heterogeneous mountain environments and from the Scottish Highlands showed the highest within-population variation for the focal traits. Although the three species have been shown to be genetically highly similar, this study reveals large differences in key adaptive traits both among and within species.
占据不同环境的近缘分类群是研究进化的宝贵系统。在本研究中，我们在一个常见的花园试验中，研究了近缘松树物种（欧洲赤松和欧洲黑松）早期物候（芽形成、芽萌发）和早期生长的差异。该试验的种子来自欧洲每个物种分布范围内的种群。在发育的前4年中，观察到了物种间的明显差异，而在来自欧洲大陆地区种群的植株中观察到了最显著的种内分化。欧洲赤松内的性状差异与起源地的海拔和纬度高度相关。同时，与该物种的其他种群相比，喀尔巴阡山脉的欧洲黑松种群芽形成和芽萌发最早。总体而言，来自异质山区环境的欧洲赤松复合种群和来自苏格兰高地的欧洲黑松种群在所研究的关键性状上表现出最高的种群内变异。尽管这三个物种已被证明在基因上高度相似，但本研究揭示了物种间和物种内关键适应性状的巨大差异。
