Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague 6, Czechia; email:
Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Volos 384 46, Magnesia, Greece; email:
Annu Rev Entomol. 2018 Jan 7;63:553-573. doi: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043218.
Insects and mites are common inhabitants and accidental invaders of food, including durable commodities, and their presence can have both direct and indirect effects on human health. The most common direct effect is contamination of food with arthropod fragments and related contaminants, which may be allergenic or even carcinogenic. The most important indirect effect is that their presence can change the storage microenvironment, making durable products suitable for the rapid development of fungi and other microorganisms. Some of these fungi can produce toxins (e.g., aflatoxins) that endanger human health. Insects may actively or passively contribute to the spread of microorganisms, increasing product contamination, and they may host bacteria that have developed antibiotic resistance, contributing to their spread in food. Several species also may host, attract, or transmit tapeworms, predators, or parasitoids that may affect health. This review synthesizes research on these topics and suggests directions for future research.
昆虫和螨虫是食物的常见居民和偶然入侵者，包括耐用品，它们的存在可能对人类健康产生直接和间接的影响。最常见的直接影响是节肢动物碎片和相关污染物污染食物，这些污染物可能具有致敏性，甚至致癌性。最重要的间接影响是它们的存在可以改变储存微环境，使耐用品适合真菌和其他微生物的快速发展。其中一些真菌会产生危害人类健康的毒素（例如黄曲霉毒素）。昆虫可能主动或被动地促进微生物的传播，增加产品污染，并且它们可能携带已经产生抗生素耐药性的细菌，从而促进其在食物中的传播。一些物种还可能寄生、吸引或传播可能影响健康的绦虫、捕食者或寄生蜂。本文综述了这些方面的研究，并提出了未来研究的方向。
