Ghorbanpour Mansour, Sardoei Ali Salehi, Babarabie Mehrdad, Zolfaghary Parvin, Hasanpour Zahra, Hatami Mehrnaz
Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349 Iran.
Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran.
3 Biotech. 2025 May;15(5):120. doi: 10.1007/s13205-025-04289-3. Epub 2025 Apr 9.
Seed germination is a critical stage in crop growth and is often limited by various biotic and abiotic factors that hinder plant establishment. Seed priming is a pre-sowing treatment that prepares seeds, enhancing the potential for more vigorous seedling emergence. This study aimed to explore the effects of leaf extracts from Peppermint, Thyme, Rosemary, and Savory, both individually and in combination, as seed priming agents on the early germination stages of and , which were grown in pots in a greenhouse. In the experiment, seeds of and were soaked in leaf extracts at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, and treated with the fungicide mixture of carbendazim and iprodione at a rate of 2%. A completely randomized design was utilized, with three replications, featuring 20 seeds planted in each pot. The main compounds identified in the Peppermint, Rosemary, Savory, and Thyme leaf extracts through LC-MS analysis included caryophyllene oxide, β-caryophyllene, rosmarinic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, and limonene. The results showed that the application of these leaf extracts positively influenced key indicators, such as emergence and growth traits. Among the priming agents tested, the 10% extracts of Rosemary and Savory significantly improved germination and emergence rates of and ( < 0.05). The findings indicated a germination percentage of 100% for and 76.7% for , along with seedling lengths increasing by 30% and 20%, seed vigor indices rising by 30% and 15.3%, and leaf numbers of 8 and 4, respectively. While lower extract concentrations also enhanced early growth parameters such as germination percentage, seedling length, and vigor index, maximum improvement was observed with the 10% extracts of Rosemary and Savory. Therefore, these 10% extracts can be effectively used to promote seedling establishment and growth in and under pot conditions, demonstrating competitive efficacy compared to the commercial use of carbendazim + iprodione.
种子萌发是作物生长的关键阶段，常受到各种生物和非生物因素的限制，这些因素会阻碍植株的建立。种子引发是一种播种前处理，可使种子做好准备，提高更旺盛出苗的潜力。本研究旨在探究薄荷、百里香、迷迭香和夏香薄荷的叶提取物单独及组合作为种子引发剂对在温室花盆中种植的番茄和辣椒早期萌发阶段的影响。在实验中，番茄和辣椒种子浸泡在浓度为10%、20%和30%的叶提取物中，并用多菌灵和异菌脲的混合杀菌剂以2%的比例处理。采用完全随机设计，重复三次，每个花盆种植20粒种子。通过液相色谱 - 质谱分析在薄荷、迷迭香、夏香薄荷和百里香叶提取物中鉴定出的主要化合物包括氧化石竹烯、β - 石竹烯、迷迭香酸、肉桂酸、咖啡酸和柠檬烯。结果表明，这些叶提取物的应用对出苗和生长特性等关键指标有积极影响。在所测试的引发剂中，10%的迷迭香叶提取物和夏香薄荷叶提取物显著提高了番茄和辣椒的发芽率和出苗率（P < 0.05）。结果表明，番茄的发芽率为100%，辣椒为76.7%，幼苗长度分别增加30%和20%，种子活力指数分别提高30%和15.3%，叶片数分别为8片和4片。虽然较低浓度的提取物也提高了发芽率、幼苗长度和活力指数等早期生长参数，但10%的迷迭香叶提取物和夏香薄荷叶提取物的改善效果最为显著。因此，这些10%的提取物可有效用于促进盆栽条件下番茄和辣椒的幼苗建立和生长，与多菌灵 + 异菌脲的商业使用相比，显示出具有竞争力的效果。
