Performance and Health Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of A Coruña, Oleiros, Galicia, Spain.
Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Aug;33(8):2241-2250. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002443.
Carballeira, E, Morales, J, Fukuda, DH, Granada, ML, Carratalá-Deval, V, López Díaz de Durana, A, and Stout, JR. Intermittent cooling during Judo training in a warm/humid environment reduces autonomic and hormonal impact. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2241-2250, 2019-The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of superficial cooling on physiological responses while training in a warm, humid environment during an international Judo training camp. Sixteen judokas (8 women and 8 men) participated in the experiment. Four high-level women and 4 men were randomly assigned to wear a cooling vest (vest group [VG]) during the recovery periods within a training session (i.e., 8 bouts of 5-minute fighting with 5-minute rest) and up to 10 minutes after the session, whereas the remaining athletes in the control group (CG) trained without the use of any cooling aids. No differences between groups were reported in well-being before the session or in perceived fatigue after the session. The temperature was increased after the training session (p = 0.02) without significant differences between groups; however, CG demonstrated a moderate effect size (ES = 0.95, 90% confidence interval [CI] = 0.09-1.82; probability of superiority [PS] = 74.9%) in contrast to the small effect for VG (ES = 0.28, 90% CI = -0.55 to 1.11; PS = 57.9%). There were time × group interactions for heart rate variability (lnRMSSD) (p = 0.006; VG vs. CG, PS = 79.0%) and the dehydroepiandrosterone-cortisol ratio (DHEA/C ratio) (p = 0.04; VG vs. CG, PS = 99.9%). Vest group preserved the cardiac autonomic control (p > = 0.05; ES = -0.06, 90% CI = -0.88 to 0.76; PS = 51.7%) compared with the large decrement of CG (p < 0.05; ES = -1.18, 90% CI = -2.07 to -0.29; PS = 74.9%). Furthermore, VG showed an increase of DHEA/C (p = 0.002) from presession to postsession based on a moderate decrease of cortisol (p > = 0.05; ES = -0.67, 90% CI = -1.52 to 0.17; PS = 68.2%) with a concomitant small increase of DHEA (p > = 0.05; ES = 0.46, 90% CI = -0.38 to 1.29; PS = 62.7%). Conversely, the CG showed a moderate effect for increased DHEA and a small effect for increased cortisol after training. No significant interactions or main effects were shown for isometric handgrip values. Cooling vests diminished the cardiovascular strain and hormonal impact of the Judo training session in high-level athletes and may be considered for recovery purposes during exercise in warm/humid environments.
卡瓦列拉、E、莫拉莱斯、J、福田、DH、格拉纳达、ML、卡塔拉塔-德瓦尔、V、洛佩兹-迪亚兹-德杜兰纳、A 和斯特劳特、JR. 在温暖/潮湿的环境中进行柔道训练时间歇性冷却会降低自主和激素的影响。J 力量与条件研究 33(8):2241-2250，2019-本研究的目的是确定在国际柔道训练营中，在温暖、潮湿的环境中进行训练时，表面冷却对生理反应的影响。16 名柔道运动员（8 名女性和 8 名男性）参加了实验。4 名高水平女性和 4 名男性被随机分配在训练期间（即 5 分钟战斗 8 回合，5 分钟休息）和训练结束后 10 分钟内穿着冷却背心（背心组[VG]），而对照组（CG）的其余运动员则在没有任何冷却辅助的情况下进行训练。两组在训练前的舒适度或训练后的疲劳感方面均无差异。训练后温度升高（p = 0.02），但两组之间无显著差异；然而，CG 表现出中等效应量（ES = 0.95，90%置信区间[CI] = 0.09-1.82；优势概率[PS] = 74.9%），而 VG 的效应量较小（ES = 0.28，90%CI = -0.55 至 1.11；PS = 57.9%）。心率变异性（lnRMSSD）存在时间×组交互作用（p = 0.006；VG 与 CG，PS = 79.0%）和脱氢表雄酮-皮质醇比值（DHEA/C 比值）（p = 0.04；VG 与 CG，PS = 99.9%）。与 CG 较大的下降相比，VG 保持了心脏自主控制（p> = 0.05；ES = -0.06，90%CI = -0.88 至 0.76；PS = 51.7%）。此外，VG 显示 DHEA/C 增加（p = 0.002），基于皮质醇适度下降（p> = 0.05；ES = -0.67，90%CI = -1.52 至 0.17；PS = 68.2%），同时 DHEA 略有增加（p> = 0.05；ES = 0.46，90%CI = -0.38 至 1.29；PS = 62.7%）。相比之下，CG 在训练后表现出 DHEA 增加的中等效应和皮质醇增加的小效应。握力值没有显示出显著的相互作用或主要影响。冷却背心减轻了高水平运动员柔道训练课的心血管紧张和激素影响，可考虑在温暖/潮湿环境中运动后的恢复期间使用。
