Laboratory of Biomass & Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, (East Campus), Beijing 100083, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jan 11;15(1):119. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15010119.
Controlled release urea (CRU) is considered to enhance crop yields while alleviating negative environmental problems caused by the hazardous gas emissions that are associated with high concentrations of ammonium (NH₄⁺) and nitrate (NO₃) in black soils. Short-term effects of sulfur-coated urea (SCU) and polyurethane-coated urea (PCU), compared with conventional urea, on NO₃ and NH₄⁺ in black soils were studied through the buried bag experiment conducted in an artificial climate chamber. We also investigated nitrogen (N) release kinetics of CRU and correlations between the cumulative N release rate and concentrations of NO₃ and NH₄⁺. CRU can reduce concentrations of NO₃ and NH₄⁺, and PCU was more effective in maintaining lower soil NO₃/NH₄⁺ ratios than SCU and U. Parabolic equation could describe the kinetics of NO₃ and NH₄⁺ treated with PCU. The Elovich equation could describe the kinetics of NO₃ and NH₄⁺ treated with SCU. The binary linear regression model was established to predict N release from PCU because of significant correlations between the cumulative N release rate and concentrations of NO₃ and NH₄⁺. These results provided a methodology and data support for characterizing and predicting the N release from PCU in black soils.
控释尿素（CRU）被认为可以提高作物产量，同时缓解黑土中高浓度铵（NH₄⁺）和硝酸盐（NO₃）引起的有害气体排放对环境造成的负面影响。通过在人工气候室进行的埋袋实验，研究了硫包膜尿素（SCU）和聚氨酯包膜尿素（PCU）与传统尿素相比对黑土中 NO₃和 NH₄⁺的短期影响。我们还研究了 CRU 的氮（N）释放动力学以及累积 N 释放率与 NO₃和 NH₄⁺浓度之间的相关性。CRU 可以降低 NO₃和 NH₄⁺的浓度，与 U 相比，PCU 更有效地维持较低的土壤 NO₃/NH₄⁺比。抛物线方程可以描述 PCU 处理的 NO₃和 NH₄⁺动力学。Elovich 方程可以描述 SCU 处理的 NO₃和 NH₄⁺动力学。由于累积 N 释放率与 NO₃和 NH₄⁺浓度之间存在显著相关性，因此建立了二元线性回归模型来预测 PCU 的 N 释放。这些结果为表征和预测 PCU 在黑土中的 N 释放提供了方法和数据支持。
