Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University and SeroScience Ltd, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Nanobiotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Miskolc University, Miskolc, Hungary.
Drug Discov Today. 2018 Mar;23(3):487-492. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.025. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
A recent study on nanoparticle-induced hypersensitivity reactions in pigs showed robust pulmonary intravascular macrophage clearance of Polybead carboxylate microspheres in mediating the adverse cardiopulmonary distress, irrespective of the ability of these particles to activate the complement (C) system in vitro. Focusing on this observation, this article highlights the controversies in projecting in vitro C assay data to in vivo conditions and applying data on polystyrene particles to therapeutic nanopharmaceuticals. Based on overwhelming evidence of a role of anaphylatoxins in hypersensitivity reactions, the need to further explore the role of C activation in the reported and other reactions is highlighted. C-activation-related and C-independent pseudoallergies (CARPA and CIPA) can proceed simultaneously, as outlined by the 'double-hit' hypothesis.
最近一项关于纳米颗粒引起猪的过敏反应的研究表明，多壁羧酸盐微球在介导不良心肺窘迫方面，猪的肺血管内巨噬细胞具有强大的清除作用，而与这些颗粒在体外激活补体（C）系统的能力无关。本文基于这一观察结果，重点讨论了将体外 C 测定数据预测到体内条件以及将聚苯乙烯颗粒数据应用于治疗性纳米药物方面的争议。鉴于过敏反应中过敏毒素的作用的大量证据，需要进一步探讨 C 激活在报告的和其他反应中的作用。如“双打击”假说所述，C 激活相关和非 C 依赖型假性过敏（CARPA 和 CIPA）可以同时发生。
