Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, México.
Instituto de Sanidad Acuícola, A.C. (ISA), Calle de la Marina S/N. esq. Caracoles, Fracc. Playa Ensenada, 22880, Ensenada, Baja California, México.
Arch Virol. 2018 Apr;163(4):1101-1104. doi: 10.1007/s00705-018-3703-3. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
Bacteriophages are recognized as major mortality agents of microbes, among them intracellular marine rickettsiales-like bacteria. Recently, a phage hyperparasite of Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (CXc) has been described. This bacterium is considered the causal agent of Withering Syndrome (WS) which is a chronic and potentially lethal disease of abalone species from California, USA and the peninsula of Baja California, Mexico. This hyperparasite which infects CXc could be used as a biocontrol agent for WS. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain genomic information to characterize this phage. In this study, the first complete genome sequence of a novel phage, Xenohaliotis phage (pCXc) was determined. The complete genome of pCXc from red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) is 35,728 bp, while the complete genome of pCXc from yellow abalone (Haliotis corrugata) is 35,736 bp. Both phage genomes consist of double-stranded DNA with a G + C content of 38.9%. In both genomes 33 open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted. Only 10 ORFs encode proteins that have identifiable functional homologues. These 10 ORFs were classified by function, including structural, DNA replication, DNA packaging, nucleotide transport and metabolism, life cycle regulation, recombination and repair, and additional functions. A PCR method for the specific detection of pCXc was developed. This information will help to understand a new group of phages that infect intracellular marine rickettsiales-like bacteria in mollusks.
噬菌体被认为是微生物的主要致死因子，其中包括细胞内海洋立克次氏体样细菌。最近，描述了一种加利福尼亚拟诺加利福尼亚海生菌（CXc）的噬菌体超寄生菌。这种细菌被认为是加利福尼亚湾鲍鱼和下加利福尼亚半岛墨西哥鲍鱼慢性和潜在致命疾病“萎缩症”的病原体。这种感染 CXc 的超寄生菌可用作“萎缩症”的生物防治剂。因此，有必要获得基因组信息来描述这种噬菌体。在本研究中，确定了一种新型噬菌体 Xenohaliotis 噬菌体（pCXc）的第一个完整基因组序列。来自红鲍（Haliotis rufescens）的 pCXc 完整基因组为 35728bp，而来自黄鲍（Haliotis corrugata）的 pCXc 完整基因组为 35736bp。两种噬菌体基因组均由双链 DNA 组成，G+C 含量为 38.9%。在两个基因组中，预测了 33 个开放阅读框（ORF）。只有 10 个 ORF 编码具有可识别功能同源物的蛋白质。这些 10 个 ORF 按功能分类，包括结构、DNA 复制、DNA 包装、核苷酸转运和代谢、生命周期调控、重组和修复以及其他功能。开发了一种用于特异性检测 pCXc 的 PCR 方法。这些信息将有助于了解感染贝类细胞内海洋立克次氏体样细菌的一类新噬菌体。
