Schmick Anton, Jenewein Josef, Böttger Sönke
UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Abteilung für Konsiliar- und Liaisonpsychiatrie, Universität Zürich, Rämistraße 100, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz.
Neuropsychiatr. 2018 Jun;32(2):57-68. doi: 10.1007/s40211-017-0257-7. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
Substance use disorders are becoming an increasingly significant problem in general hospitals and hence play a key role in consultation- and liaison psychiatry. Diverse psychotropic effects of various substances mimic psychiatric disorders. An alcohol intoxication can present depressive or manic symptoms, a cannabis delirium can present as a psychosis while stimulants use can suggest the diagnosis of an anxiety disorder. Obtaining dual diagnoses by identifying substance-induced and non-substance-induced psychopathologies is clinically challenging.The aim of this article is to systematically describe the psychopathology, pathophysiology and therapeutic options of substance-use disorders particularly relevant for consultation and liaison psychiatry.
物质使用障碍在综合医院正成为一个日益严重的问题，因此在会诊联络精神病学中发挥着关键作用。各种物质的不同精神药理作用可模拟精神障碍。酒精中毒可表现出抑郁或躁狂症状，大麻所致谵妄可表现为精神病性症状，而使用兴奋剂可能提示焦虑障碍的诊断。通过识别物质所致和非物质所致精神病理学来获得双重诊断在临床上具有挑战性。本文旨在系统描述物质使用障碍的精神病理学、病理生理学及治疗选择，这些内容与会诊联络精神病学尤为相关。
