Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Cancer Lett. 2018 Apr 1;418:41-50. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.011. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of covalently closed non-coding RNA that may regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. The recent application of high-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics approaches has revealed a large number of circRNAs in human cells. Emerging evidence indicates that many circRNAs have cell-type specific expression and are linked to physiological development and various diseases. Specially, circRNAs can either serve as oncogenic stimuli or tumor suppressors in cancer. circRNAs have also been shown to be enriched and stable in extracellular fluid, indicating the potential of circRNAs as cancer biomarkers. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of circRNAs, including their classification, biogenesis, properties, and databases, as well as their function and clinical implications in cancer.
环状 RNA (circRNA) 是一种共价闭合的非编码 RNA，可能在真核生物中调节基因表达。最近高通量 RNA 测序和生物信息学方法的应用，揭示了大量的 circRNAs 在人类细胞中。新兴的证据表明，许多 circRNAs 具有细胞类型特异性表达，并与生理发育和各种疾病有关。特别是，circRNAs 在癌症中既可以作为致癌刺激物，也可以作为肿瘤抑制剂。circRNAs 在外泌体中也被富集和稳定，表明 circRNAs 作为癌症生物标志物的潜力。在这里，我们总结了 circRNAs 的最新知识，包括它们的分类、生物发生、特性和数据库，以及它们在癌症中的功能和临床意义。
