The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Inj Prev. 2018 Dec;24(6):451-458. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042622. Epub 2018 Jan 12.
To examine the burden and risk factors for fatal and non-fatal drowning in India.
Relevant literature was identified through a systematic search of 19 electronic databases and 19 national and global, institutional, organisational and government sources of injury data. Search terms used pertained to drowning, injury, trauma, morbidity and mortality in India.
A total of 16 research articles and five data sources were included in the review. Three national data sources provided counts of drowning deaths, reporting a range of 1348-62 569 drowning deaths per year. A further three national data sources provided information on drowning-related morbidity; however, each source presented different outcome measures making comparison difficult. Ten research studies investigated risk factors associated with drowning in India. Key risk factors reported were male gender, young age (0-5 years) and individuals residing in the North-Eastern part of the country who have high exposure to water sources within community settings.
Drowning-related morbidity and mortality have a significant impact on India, with risk factors identified for this setting similar to those within other low-income and middle-income countries. Regional data which look beyond routinely collected data are required to accurately investigate the burden and impact of drowning, to inform targeted, context-specific approaches for drowning reduction initiatives.
探讨印度致命和非致命溺水的负担和危险因素。
通过系统检索 19 个电子数据库以及 19 个国家和全球、机构、组织和政府伤害数据来源，确定相关文献。使用的搜索词与溺水、伤害、创伤、发病率和死亡率有关。
共纳入 16 篇研究文章和 5 个数据源进行综述。3 个国家数据源提供了溺水死亡人数的统计数据，报告每年溺水死亡人数在 1348-62569 人之间。另外 3 个国家数据源提供了与溺水相关的发病率信息，但每个数据源都提出了不同的结果衡量标准，难以进行比较。10 项研究调查了与印度溺水相关的危险因素。报告的主要危险因素包括男性、年龄较小（0-5 岁）以及居住在印度东北部地区的人群，他们在社区环境中接触水源的机会较多。
溺水相关的发病率和死亡率对印度有重大影响，其危险因素与其他低收入和中等收入国家相似。需要有区域数据来准确调查溺水的负担和影响，以便为减少溺水的针对性、具体情况的方法提供信息。
