Tamiru Dessalegn, Belachew Tefera
Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Population and Family Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2018 Jan 13;31(4):ijamh-2017-0042. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0042.
Background Household food insecurity has a substantial contribution to poor health outcomes among young children and adolescents. Food insecurity also affects optimal cognitive development and physiological function of these vulnerable groups. There is a gap of documented data regarding the association of food insecurity and morbidity among school adolescents in Ethiopia. Objective The aim of this study is to assess the interrelationship of household food insecurity and morbidity report among school adolescent in Jimma zone, Ethiopia. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was done from October to November, 2013. Data were gathered using structured questionnaires through interview of students and their caregivers. A total of 1000 students were selected by using simple random sampling methods using their rosters as a frame. Data were also checked for missing values and outliers, and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Regression analyses were used to see the strength of association between independent and dependent variables using odds ratios and 95% of confidence intervals. Results Adolescents from food insecure households had more reported illness (39.3%) than adolescents from food secure households (24.7%) (p < 0.001). Adolescents from food insecure households were two times more exposed to morbidity [AOR = 2.04(1.32, 3.14)] than adolescents from food secure households. This study also showed that males had 48% less reported illness [AOR = 0.52(0.01, 0.23)] than females. Adolescents who had attended health education had less reported illness [AOR = 0.57(0.38, 0.86)] than those who did not ever attend. This study also showed that having a farmer [AOR = 0.46(0.28, 0.74)] and government employee [AOR = 0.33 (0.17, 0.64)] father were inversely associated with adolescent morbidity. Conclusion The findings of this study showed that household food insecurity, female gender and lack of attending health education had a significant contribution to adolescent morbidity. Therefore, there is a need to improve household income earning capacity and strengthen school based health and nutrition education to prevent adolescent morbidity. The findings of this study can also be used to lead the development of programs aimed at preventing adolescent morbidity by notifying policymakers and other stakeholders about the association of morbidity with household food insecurity.
家庭粮食不安全对幼儿和青少年的健康不良后果有重大影响。粮食不安全还会影响这些弱势群体的最佳认知发展和生理功能。关于埃塞俄比亚在校青少年粮食不安全与发病率之间的关联，记录数据存在差距。
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚吉马地区在校青少年家庭粮食不安全与发病率报告之间的相互关系。
2013年10月至11月进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。通过对学生及其照顾者进行访谈，使用结构化问卷收集数据。以学生名册为框架，采用简单随机抽样方法共选取了1000名学生。还对数据进行了缺失值和异常值检查，并使用SPSS 16.0版本进行分析。采用回归分析，通过比值比和95%置信区间来观察自变量和因变量之间的关联强度。
粮食不安全家庭的青少年报告患病的比例（39.3%）高于粮食安全家庭的青少年（24.7%）（p < 0.001）。粮食不安全家庭的青少年患病风险是粮食安全家庭青少年的两倍[AOR = 2.04(1.32, 3.14)]。本研究还表明，男性报告患病的比例比女性低48%[AOR = 0.52(0.01, 0.23)]。接受过健康教育的青少年报告患病的比例比未接受过健康教育的青少年低[AOR = 0.57(0.38, 0.86)]。本研究还表明，父亲是农民[AOR = 0.46(0.28, 0.74)]和政府雇员[AOR = 0.33 (0.17, 0.64)]与青少年发病率呈负相关。
本研究结果表明，家庭粮食不安全、女性性别以及缺乏接受健康教育对青少年发病率有重大影响。因此，有必要提高家庭收入能力，加强学校的健康和营养教育，以预防青少年发病。本研究结果还可用于通过向政策制定者和其他利益相关者通报发病率与家庭粮食不安全之间的关联，来引领旨在预防青少年发病的项目的开展。
