Ithamar Lucas, de Moura Filho Alberto Galvão, Benedetti Rodrigues Marco Aurélio, Duque Cortez Kelly Cristina, Machado Vinícius Gomes, de Paiva Lima Claudia Regina Oliveira, Moretti Eduarda, Lemos Andrea
Department of Physical Therapy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Department of Electronics and Systems, Technology Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Jan;22(1):159-165. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.06.011. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
Abdominal hypopressive gymnastics appeared as an alternative to traditional abdominal exercises to promote abdominal muscles strength without overloading the pelvic floor muscles (PFM). To determine the activation level of abdominal muscles and PFM and the posture influence in the level of activation in these muscles during abdominal hypopressive gymnastics, we used surface electromyography in young and healthy multipara women.
This is an observational study with eutrophic nulliparous women aged between 18 and 35 years, with abdominal skinfold less than or equal to 3 cm and active or irregularly active physical activity. Surface electromyography was used for rectus abdominis, external oblique, transversus abdominal/internal oblique (TrA/IO) and PFM assessment in the supine, quadruped and orthostatic (upright standing) positions during abdominal hypopressive gymnastics using normalized electromyographic (%EMG) data. We also analyzed the difference in activation between each muscle and between muscles and positions.
Thirty women were evaluated and the mean age was 25.77 years (SD 3.29). The group formed by the TrA/IO muscles and the PFM showed higher %EMG in all the positions assessed, followed by the external oblique and rectus abdominis muscles. A comparison of %EMG of each muscle between the different positions showed differences only in rectus abdominis between the supine and quadruped (p = 0.001) and supine and orthostatic positions (p = 0.004), and in TrA/IO between the supine and orthostatic (p = 0.023) and orthostatic and quadruped positions (p = 0.019).
The results suggest that abdominal hypopressive gymnastics can activate the abdominal muscles and PFM and the position do not have influence on electromyographic activation level of the PFM and external oblique.
腹部减压体操作为传统腹部锻炼的替代方法出现，旨在增强腹部肌肉力量，同时避免盆底肌肉（PFM）负担过重。为了确定腹部减压体操过程中腹部肌肉和盆底肌肉的激活水平以及姿势对这些肌肉激活水平的影响，我们对年轻健康的经产妇进行了表面肌电图研究。
这是一项观察性研究，研究对象为18至35岁的营养良好未生育女性，腹部皮褶厚度小于或等于3厘米，身体活动活跃或不规律。在腹部减压体操过程中，采用表面肌电图，利用标准化肌电图（%EMG）数据，对仰卧位、四足位和直立位的腹直肌、腹外斜肌、腹横肌/腹内斜肌（TrA/IO）和盆底肌肉进行评估。我们还分析了各肌肉之间以及肌肉与姿势之间激活的差异。
共评估了30名女性，平均年龄为25.77岁（标准差3.29）。由TrA/IO肌肉和盆底肌肉组成的组在所有评估姿势中均显示出较高的%EMG，其次是腹外斜肌和腹直肌。不同姿势下各肌肉的%EMG比较显示，仅腹直肌在仰卧位和四足位之间（p = 0.001）以及仰卧位和直立位之间（p = 0.004）存在差异，TrA/IO在仰卧位和直立位之间（p = 0.023）以及直立位和四足位之间（p = 0.019）存在差异。
结果表明，腹部减压体操可激活腹部肌肉和盆底肌肉，姿势对盆底肌肉和腹外斜肌的肌电图激活水平没有影响。
