Nogueira Inês, Dias Francisca, Teixeira Ana Luísa, Medeiros Rui
Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
Pharmacogenomics. 2018 Feb;19(3):249-261. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0160. Epub 2018 Jan 15.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most commonly occurring solid cancer of the adult kidney with the majority of RCC cases being detected accidentally. The most aggressive subtype is clear cell RCC (ccRCC). miRNAs, a family of small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression have been identified as key biological modulators. The von Hippel-Lindau pathway is one of the signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of ccRCC. Another oncogenic mechanism involves the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and serves as a central regulator of cell metabolism, proliferation and survival. Several studies have described the involvement of miRNA dysregulation in the pathogenesis and progression of ccRCC. These molecules can be considered as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, allowing response to therapy to be monitored.
肾细胞癌（RCC）是成人肾脏最常见的实体癌，大多数RCC病例是偶然发现的。最具侵袭性的亚型是透明细胞RCC（ccRCC）。miRNA是一类调节基因表达的小非编码RNA，已被确定为关键的生物调节因子。冯·希佩尔-林道途径是参与ccRCC病理生理学的信号通路之一。另一种致癌机制涉及PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号的激活，并作为细胞代谢、增殖和存活的中心调节因子。几项研究描述了miRNA失调在ccRCC发病机制和进展中的作用。这些分子可被视为潜在的诊断和预后生物标志物，有助于监测对治疗的反应。
