Bye Emma M, Brisk Brody W, Reuter Suzanne D, Hansen Keith A, Nettleman Mary D
University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine.
Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine.
S D Med. 2017 Dec;70(12):551-555.
The stress of pregnancy and parenthood during the intense educational experience of medical school could increase the risk of student burnout. Because 9.2 percent of U.S. medical students are parents by graduation, it would seem prudent to include this topic in wellness programs and policies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of pregnancy and parenthood on medical students.
This was a cross-sectional, internet survey distributed to all four classes of medical students at the University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine during the 2016-2017 academic year. The survey determined self-reported pregnancy and parenthood information, knowledge of a medical school pregnancy policy, and policy recommendations.
More than 85 percent of the 194 respondents recommended that the following elements be included in an institutional policy: process for arranging parental leave, how leave time might affect graduation, how missed requirements could be made up, and how to request special accommodation or leave. Twenty-nine of the respondents (15 percent) were parents or currently pregnant. Eight pregnancies during medical school were associated with complications, including three miscarriages. Of the 18 students who reported maternity or paternity leave, 13 (72 percent) and 10 (56 percent) would have extended their leave time if it did not delay graduation or only reduced their number of elective rotations, respectively. No student would choose to extend leave if it would delay graduation.
This survey is the first of its kind investigating pregnancy and parenthood in medical students attending a U.S. medical school. Students want schools to provide clear, well-defined guidelines, scheduling flexibility and administrators who are approachable and understanding of their individual circumstances.
在医学院紧张的学习过程中，怀孕和为人父母带来的压力可能会增加学生倦怠的风险。由于9.2%的美国医学院学生在毕业时已是为人父母者，因此将这个话题纳入健康计划和政策似乎是明智之举。本研究的目的是确定怀孕和为人父母对医学生的影响。
这是一项横断面网络调查，于2016 - 2017学年分发给南达科他大学桑福德医学院的所有四个年级的医学生。该调查确定了自我报告的怀孕和为人父母信息、对医学院怀孕政策的了解以及政策建议。
194名受访者中超过85%建议机构政策应包含以下内容：安排育儿假的流程、休假时间可能如何影响毕业、如何弥补错过的要求以及如何申请特殊便利或休假。29名受访者（15%）是父母或目前正在怀孕。医学院期间的8次怀孕与并发症相关，包括3次流产。在报告休产假或陪产假的18名学生中，如果不延迟毕业或仅减少选修轮转次数，分别有13名（72%）和10名（56%）会延长休假时间。如果会延迟毕业，没有学生会选择延长休假。
这项调查是首次针对美国医学院的医学生怀孕和为人父母情况进行的调查。学生希望学校提供明确、详细的指导方针、时间安排灵活性以及平易近人且理解他们个人情况的管理人员。
