De Haan Jessica L R, Dexter Franklin, Fleming Bradley M, Pearson Amy C S, Reuter Suzanne D
Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Department of Anesthesia and Health Management and Policy and University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2021 Nov 29;2(1):533-541. doi: 10.1089/whr.2021.0105. eCollection 2021.
Medical students who are parents or considering parenthood often want information about school policies. An earlier survey of 194 medical students from one U.S. school examined seven "elements that [students thought] should be included in a school policy on pregnancy/maternity leave." For example, students want to know "how much time a student can take off during medical school and still graduate with their class." We performed multivariate and multivariable analyses of the University of South Dakota survey to understand its generalizability and usefulness. The earlier survey also included 35 demographic variables about individual students. We tested empirically for associations between the demographics and the seven policy items, thereby evaluating generalizability of the survey results to different demographic groups. We then surveyed public websites of a sample of U.S. medical schools to evaluate usefulness of the knowledge of the seven items. For the 33 surveyed schools, we documented if each of the items was present on publicly available webpages and handbooks. The seven items had content validity as a necessary and sufficient set of items. There also were no significant associations of the items with demographic variables. Therefore, there is little chance that differences among medical schools in their average demographic would affect the items needed for their websites and student handbooks. Among the surveyed medical school websites, 1 of 33 had all seven items (upper 95% confidence limit: 14% of schools nationally would be expected to have all seven items shown). These findings show that it is known what information students want to know about in a school policy on pregnancy and parental leave. Adding these items to public websites is a necessary and an easily actionable intervention to help current and future medical students.
身为父母或考虑要孩子的医学生常常想了解学校政策方面的信息。此前对一所美国学校的194名医学生进行的一项调查，研究了七个“[学生认为]应纳入学校怀孕/产假政策的要素”。例如，学生想知道“医学生可以请假多长时间，仍能与同班同学一起毕业”。我们对南达科他大学的调查进行了多变量和多因素分析，以了解其普遍性和实用性。早期的调查还包括了有关学生个人的35个人口统计学变量。我们通过实证检验了人口统计学与七个政策项目之间的关联，从而评估了调查结果对不同人口群体的普遍性。然后，我们调查了美国部分医学院校的公共网站，以评估这七个项目知识的实用性。对于33所被调查的学校，我们记录了每个项目是否出现在公开可用的网页和手册上。这七个项目作为一套必要且充分的项目具有内容效度。这些项目与人口统计学变量之间也没有显著关联。因此，医学院校平均人口统计学特征的差异几乎不可能影响其网站和学生手册所需的项目。在被调查的医学院校网站中，33所中有1所包含了所有七个项目（95%置信上限：预计全国14%的学校会展示所有七个项目）。这些发现表明，学生在学校怀孕和育儿假政策方面想了解哪些信息是已知的。将这些项目添加到公共网站是一项必要且易于实施的干预措施，有助于当前和未来的医学生。
