Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
From the Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 May;141(5):676e-686e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004312.
The apoptosis of mature adipocytes after fat grafting can result in chronic inflammation, absorption, and fibrosis, leading to unpredictable outcomes. Selective elimination of mature adipocytes may result in better outcomes and a different underlying retention mode. The authors previously developed a mature adipocyte-free product, stromal vascular fraction gel, derived from lipoaspirate, which eliminates adipocytes and preserves the stromal vascular fraction. This study investigated the retention and regeneration mode of stromal vascular fraction gel grafting.
Nude mice were grafted with human-derived stromal vascular fraction gel or Coleman fat. Detailed cellular events over 3 months were investigated histologically and immunohistochemically.
The retention rate 90 days after grafting was significantly higher for stromal vascular fraction gel grafts than for standard Coleman fat (82 ± 15 percent versus 42 ± 9 percent; p < 0.05). Histologic analysis suggested that, unlike Coleman fat grafts, stromal vascular fraction gel grafts did not include significant necrotic areas. Moreover, although adipose tissue regeneration was found in grafts of both groups, rapid angiogenesis and macrophage infiltration were observed at a very early stage after stromal vascular fraction gel grafting. The presence of small preadipocytes with multiple intracellular lipid droplets in stromal vascular fraction gel grafts on day 3 also suggested very early adipogenesis. Although some of the cells in the stromal vascular fraction survived in stromal vascular fraction gel grafts, most of the newly formed adipose tissue was host-derived.
Stromal vascular fraction gel has a high long-term retention rate and a unique adipose regeneration mode, involving prompt inflammation and infiltration of immune cells, stimulating rapid angiogenesis and inducing host cell-mediated adipogenesis.
脂肪移植后成熟脂肪细胞的凋亡会导致慢性炎症、吸收和纤维化，从而导致不可预测的结果。选择性消除成熟脂肪细胞可能会产生更好的结果和不同的潜在保留模式。作者先前开发了一种源自脂肪抽吸物的无成熟脂肪细胞产品——基质血管成分凝胶，它可以消除脂肪细胞并保留基质血管成分。本研究探讨了基质血管成分凝胶移植的保留和再生模式。
裸鼠移植人源性基质血管成分凝胶或科尔曼脂肪。通过组织学和免疫组织化学方法详细研究了 3 个月内的细胞事件。
移植后 90 天，基质血管成分凝胶移植的保留率明显高于标准科尔曼脂肪（82±15%比 42±9%；p<0.05）。组织学分析表明，与科尔曼脂肪移植不同，基质血管成分凝胶移植不包括明显的坏死区。此外，尽管两组移植均发现脂肪组织再生，但在基质血管成分凝胶移植后非常早期就观察到快速血管生成和巨噬细胞浸润。基质血管成分凝胶移植中第 3 天存在具有多个细胞内脂滴的小前脂肪细胞，这也提示非常早期的脂肪生成。虽然基质血管成分凝胶中的一些细胞存活，但新形成的脂肪组织主要来自宿主。
基质血管成分凝胶具有较高的长期保留率和独特的脂肪再生模式，涉及迅速的炎症和免疫细胞浸润，刺激快速血管生成，并诱导宿主细胞介导的脂肪生成。
