National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
VIVE -The Danish Centre of Applied Social Science, National Centre for Social Research, Denmark.
Scand J Public Health. 2019 Nov;47(7):690-694. doi: 10.1177/1403494817752520. Epub 2018 Jan 15.
The aims of this study were: (a) to examine trends in daily emotional symptoms among 11- to 15-year-olds from 1991 to 2014 in Denmark, and (b) to examine trends in social inequality in daily emotional symptoms, that is, whether the differences in prevalence between adolescents with parents of varying occupational social class changed over time. We combined seven comparable cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children surveys (=31,169). Daily emotional symptoms were measured by the HBSC Symptom Check List and occupational social class (OSC) by students' reports about parents' occupation. We calculated absolute (per cent) differences in emotional symptoms between high and low OSC and relative differences by odds ratio for emotional symptoms by parents' OSC. Eight per cent reported at least one daily emotional symptoms, with an increasing trend from 1991 to 2014 (<0.001). The prevalence in high, middle and low OSC was 6.2%, 7.4% and 10.6% (<0.0001). From 1991 to 2014, there was an increase in the prevalence of daily emotional symptoms in high (<0.0001) and middle (<0.0001) but not low OSC (=0.4404). This resulted in a diminishing absolute social inequality in emotional symptoms. The statistical interaction between OSC and survey year was significant (=0.0023) and suggests a diminishing relative social inequality in emotional symptoms from 1991 to 2014.
(a) 检验 1991 年至 2014 年丹麦 11 至 15 岁儿童日常情绪症状的变化趋势；(b) 检验日常情绪症状的社会不平等趋势，即青少年父母职业社会阶层差异的流行率是否随时间发生变化。我们结合了七项可比的青少年健康行为调查(=31169)。日常情绪症状通过 HBSC 症状检查表进行测量，职业社会阶层(OSC)通过学生对父母职业的报告进行评估。我们计算了高 OSC 和低 OSC 之间情绪症状的绝对差异(%)和父母 OSC 对情绪症状的比值比的相对差异。8%的人报告至少有一种日常情绪症状，呈上升趋势，从 1991 年到 2014 年(＜0.001)。高、中、低 OSC 的流行率分别为 6.2%、7.4%和 10.6%（＜0.0001）。从 1991 年到 2014 年，高 OSC(＜0.0001)和中 OSC(＜0.0001)的日常情绪症状流行率均有所上升，但低 OSC 则没有(=0.4404)。这导致了情绪症状的绝对社会不平等程度的降低。OSC 和调查年份之间的统计学交互作用具有显著性(=0.0023)，这表明 1991 年至 2014 年情绪症状的相对社会不平等程度逐渐降低。
