Shah Syed Ammer, Zarei Melika, Manjili Saeed H, Guruli Georgi, Wang Xiang-Yang, Manjili Masoud H
Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Immunotherapy. 2017 Sep;9(11):943-949. doi: 10.2217/imt-2017-0044.
Immunotherapeutic targeting of advanced stage cancers has prolonged the survival of cancer patients, yet its curative efficacy is limited due to tumor immunoediting and escape. On the other hand, human vaccines have been able to eradicate smallpox and control several other infectious diseases. The success has resulted from the administration of vaccines in prophylactic settings, or during latency periods in order to protect an individual during future exposure to the disease rather than curing an established disease. Therefore, administration of immunotherapy at the right time is the key to success. However, instead of focusing on the prevention of cancer, current cancer immunotherapies are often being used in a therapeutic setting with the goal of eliminating tumor cells. The present review of evidence related to cancer immunotherapeutics suggests that immunotherapeutic targeting of tumor dormancy could be more promising than targeting of advanced stage disease to achieve a cure for cancer.
晚期癌症的免疫治疗靶向延长了癌症患者的生存期，然而由于肿瘤免疫编辑和逃逸，其治愈效果有限。另一方面，人类疫苗已经能够根除天花并控制其他几种传染病。成功的原因在于在预防环境中或潜伏期接种疫苗，以便在个体未来接触该疾病时提供保护，而不是治愈已确诊的疾病。因此，在正确的时间进行免疫治疗是成功的关键。然而，目前的癌症免疫疗法不是专注于癌症的预防，而是经常用于治疗环境中，目标是消除肿瘤细胞。目前对癌症免疫治疗相关证据的综述表明，针对肿瘤休眠的免疫治疗靶向可能比针对晚期疾病的靶向更有希望实现癌症的治愈。
