Heshmati Elaheh, Shirpoor Alireza, Kheradmand Fatemeh, Alizadeh Mohammad, Gharalari Farzaneh Hosseini
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia-Iran.
Anatol J Cardiol. 2018 Jan;19(1):19-26. doi: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2017.8079.
Association between chronic alcohol intake and cardiac abnormality is well known; however, the precise underlying molecular mediators involved in ethanol-induced heart abnormalities remain elusive. This study investigated the effect of chronic ethanol exposure on calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) gene expression and monoamine oxidase (MAO) levels and histological changes in rat heart. It was also planned to find out whether Zingiber officinale (ginger) extract mitigated the abnormalities induced by ethanol in rat heart.
Male wistar rats were divided into three groups of eight animals each: control, ethanol, and ginger extract treated-ethanol (GETE) groups.
After 6 weeks of treatment, the results revealed a significant increase in CaMKIIδtotal and isoforms δ2 and δ3 of CaMKIIδ gene expression as well as a significant decrease in the MAO levels in the ethanol group compared to that in the control group. Moreover, compared to the control group, the ethanol group showed histological changes, such as fibrosis, heart muscle cells proliferation, myocyte hypertrophy, vacuolization, and focal lymphocytic infiltration. Consumption of ginger extract along with ethanol ameliorated CaMKIIδtotal. In addition, compared to the ethanol group, isoforms gene expression changed and increased the reduced MAO levels and mitigated heart structural changes.
These findings indicate that ethanol-induced heart abnormalities may, in part, be associated with Ca homeostasis changes mediated by overexpression of CaMKIIδ gene and the decrease of MAO levels and that these effects can be alleviated by using ginger extract as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
慢性酒精摄入与心脏异常之间的关联已为人熟知；然而，乙醇诱导心脏异常的确切潜在分子介质仍不清楚。本研究调查了慢性乙醇暴露对大鼠心脏中钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶IIδ（CaMKIIδ）基因表达、单胺氧化酶（MAO）水平及组织学变化的影响。还计划探究生姜提取物是否能减轻乙醇对大鼠心脏造成的异常。
将雄性Wistar大鼠分为三组，每组八只：对照组、乙醇组和生姜提取物处理乙醇组（GETE组）。
治疗6周后，结果显示，与对照组相比，乙醇组中CaMKIIδ总量及CaMKIIδ基因亚型δ2和δ3的表达显著增加，MAO水平显著降低。此外，与对照组相比，乙醇组出现了组织学变化，如纤维化、心肌细胞增殖、心肌肥大、空泡化和局灶性淋巴细胞浸润。生姜提取物与乙醇一起摄入可改善CaMKIIδ总量。此外，与乙醇组相比，亚型基因表达发生变化，降低的MAO水平升高，心脏结构变化减轻。
这些研究结果表明，乙醇诱导的心脏异常可能部分与CaMKIIδ基因过表达介导的钙稳态变化以及MAO水平降低有关，并且使用生姜提取物作为抗氧化剂和抗炎剂可以减轻这些影响。
