Nixon Laura J, Morrison William R, Rice Kevin B, Brockerhoff Eckehard G, Leskey Tracy C, Guzman Filadelfo, Khrimian Ashot, Goldson Stephen, Rostás Michael
Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand.
Better Border Biosecurity Collaboration, Christchurch, New Zealand.
PLoS One. 2018 Jan 17;13(1):e0191223. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191223. eCollection 2018.
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, is an agricultural and urban pest that has become widely established as an invasive species of major concern in the USA and across Europe. This species forms large aggregations when entering diapause, and it is often these aggregations that are found by officials conducting inspections of internationally shipped freight. Identifying the presence of diapausing aggregations of H. halys using their emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may be a potential means for detecting and intercepting them during international freight inspections. Headspace samples were collected from aggregations of diapausing H. halys using volatile collection traps (VCTs) and solid phase microextraction. The only compound detected in all samples was tridecane, with small amounts of (E)-2-decenal found in most samples. We also monitored the release of defensive odors, following mechanical agitation of diapausing and diapause-disrupted adult H. halys. Diapausing groups were significantly more likely to release defensive odors than diapause-disrupted groups. The predominant compounds consistently found from both groups were tridecane, (E)-2-decenal, and 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal, with a small abundance of dodecane. Our findings show that diapausing H. halys do release defensive compounds, and suggest that volatile sampling may be feasible to detect H. halys in freight.
褐飞蝽（Halyomorpha halys）是一种农业和城市害虫，已在美国和欧洲广泛成为令人担忧的入侵物种。该物种进入滞育期时会形成大群体，而进行国际货运检查的官员经常发现的正是这些群体。利用褐飞蝽挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的排放来识别其滞育群体的存在，可能是在国际货运检查期间检测和拦截它们的一种潜在手段。使用挥发性收集阱（VCTs）和固相微萃取从滞育的褐飞蝽群体中采集顶空样品。所有样品中检测到的唯一化合物是十三烷，大多数样品中还发现了少量的（E）-2-癸烯醛。我们还监测了滞育和滞育被破坏的成年褐飞蝽受到机械搅动后防御性气味的释放情况。滞育群体比滞育被破坏的群体更有可能释放防御性气味。两组中始终发现的主要化合物是十三烷、（E）-2-癸烯醛和4-氧代-（E）-2-己烯醛，还有少量的十二烷。我们的研究结果表明，滞育的褐飞蝽确实会释放防御性化合物，并表明挥发性采样可能是在货运中检测褐飞蝽的可行方法。
