Occupational Health Unit, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Central Health Service, State Police, Ministry of Interior, Rome, Italy.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2018 May;91(4):377-389. doi: 10.1007/s00420-018-1290-y. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
Several studies suggest that work-related stress in police officers may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. A systematic review of studies is, however, still lacking.
According to PRISMA statement, a systematic search of PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cinahl and PsychInfo electronic databases was undertaken. Studies published in English between 1/1/2000 and 31/12/2016 were included. A studies quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS).
The preliminary search retrieved 752 records. After selection, 16 studies (total population 17,698) were retrieved. The average quality of studies was low. Exposure to stress in cross-sectional studies was inconstantly associated with hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemia, and impaired glucose metabolism. In addition, there was a prevalence of positive studies showing an association between stress and cardiovascular disease morbidity. Studies of higher quality, such as longitudinal studies on large sample size, were more supportive of a significant positive association between stress and cardiovascular risk factors. Results were, however, often conflicting and inconsistent with regard to definitions and measurement of stress, features of individual study design, study conduct, and conclusions drawn.
A sound precautionary principle would be to adopt worksite health promotion programs designed to implement stress management strategies in this category of workers.
多项研究表明，警察的工作相关压力可能与心血管疾病风险增加有关。然而，目前仍缺乏对这些研究的系统综述。
根据 PRISMA 声明，对 PubMed、ISI Web of Science、Cinahl 和 PsychInfo 电子数据库进行了系统搜索。纳入了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2016 年 12 月 31 日期间发表的英文研究。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）对研究质量进行评估。
初步搜索共检索到 752 条记录。经过筛选，共检索到 16 项研究（总人群 17698 人）。研究的平均质量较低。横断面研究中暴露于压力与高血压、肥胖、血脂异常和葡萄糖代谢受损之间的关联并不一致。此外，阳性研究表明压力与心血管疾病发病率之间存在关联的比例较高。研究质量较高的研究，如基于大样本量的纵向研究，更支持压力与心血管风险因素之间存在显著正相关。然而，研究结果在压力的定义和测量、个体研究设计、研究实施和得出的结论等方面存在冲突和不一致。
为了采取预防原则，可以在这一类工人中实施工作场所健康促进计划，设计实施压力管理策略。
