Marcatto Francesco, Ferrante Donatella, Paliga Mateusz, Kanbur Edanur, Magnavita Nicola
Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
AIMS Public Health. 2025 Mar 12;12(2):290-309. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2025018. eCollection 2025.
Sleep impairment and work-related stress are common issues that influence employee well-being and organizational outcomes. Impaired sleep depletes cognitive and emotional resources, increasing stress and the likelihood of counterproductive work behaviors directed toward the organization (CWB-O). This cross-sectional study, guided by the conservation of resources (COR) theory, explores the relationships between impaired sleep, work-related stress, and CWB-O, considering substance use as a dysfunctional coping strategy.
A sample of 302 Italian employees completed an online survey. Sleep impairment was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index, work-related stress was assessed with the Perceived Stress Scale, CWB-O was assessed with the Counterproductive Work Behavior Checklist, and substance use as a coping strategy was assessed using the Brief COPE. A moderated mediation model was tested to examine the indirect effects of sleep impairment on CWB-O via work-related stress, with substance use moderating both the sleep-stress and stress-CWB-O relationships.
The results supported the hypothesis that the relationship between sleep impairment and CWB-O is mediated by work-related stress. Sleep difficulties significantly increased work-related stress, which in turn led to higher levels of CWB-O. Substance use did not moderate the relationship between sleep and work-related stress. It did, however, significantly moderate the relationship between work-related stress and CWB-O, with higher levels of substance use amplifying the impact of stress on behavioral dysregulation.
This study contributes to our understanding of how impaired sleep, work-related stress, and substance use interact to influence deviant behaviors at work. The findings align with COR theory, highlighting the role of resource depletion and dysfunctional coping in workplace behavior, and suggest that organizational interventions should also consider programs aimed at improving sleep quality and addressing substance use to reduce the likelihood of deviant behaviors at work.
睡眠障碍和工作压力是影响员工福祉和组织成果的常见问题。睡眠障碍会消耗认知和情感资源，增加压力以及针对组织的反生产工作行为（CWB-O）的可能性。这项横断面研究以资源守恒（COR）理论为指导，探讨睡眠障碍、工作压力和CWB-O之间的关系，并将物质使用视为一种功能失调的应对策略。
302名意大利员工的样本完成了一项在线调查。使用失眠严重程度指数评估睡眠障碍，使用感知压力量表评估工作压力，使用反生产工作行为清单评估CWB-O，并使用简易应对方式问卷评估作为应对策略的物质使用情况。测试了一个有调节的中介模型，以检验睡眠障碍通过工作压力对CWB-O的间接影响，物质使用调节睡眠-压力和压力-CWB-O之间的关系。
结果支持了以下假设，即睡眠障碍与CWB-O之间的关系是由工作压力介导的。睡眠困难显著增加了工作压力，进而导致更高水平的CWB-O。物质使用并未调节睡眠与工作压力之间的关系。然而，它确实显著调节了工作压力与CWB-O之间的关系，物质使用水平越高，压力对行为失调的影响就越大。
本研究有助于我们理解睡眠障碍、工作压力和物质使用如何相互作用以影响工作中的偏差行为。研究结果与COR理论一致，突出了资源耗竭和功能失调应对在工作场所行为中的作用，并表明组织干预还应考虑旨在改善睡眠质量和解决物质使用问题的项目，以降低工作中出现偏差行为的可能性。
