Anderson Peter, Jané-Llopis Eva, Hasan Omer Syed Muhammad, Rehm Jürgen
Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, P. Debyeplein 1, 6221 HA Maastricht, Netherlands.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2018 May 1;53(3):326-332. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agx121.
Public sector bodies have called for policies and programmes to shift collective social norms in disfavour of the harmful use of alcohol. This article aims to identify and summarize the evidence and propose how policies and programmes to shift social norms could be implemented and evaluated.
Review of reviews for all years to July 2017.
Searches on OVID Medline, Healthstar, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED, Social Work Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Mental Measurements Yearbook, Joanna Briggs Institute EBP, Health and Psychosocial Instruments, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, International Political Science Abstracts, NASW Clinical Register and Epub Ahead of Print databases.
All reviews, without language or date restrictions resulting from combining the terms ((review or literature review or review literature or data pooling or comparative study or systematic review or meta-analysis or pooled analysis) and (social norms or culture) and (alcohol drinking)).
Two relevant reviews were identified. One review of community-based interventions found one study that demonstrated small changes in parental disapproval of under-age drinking. One review stressed that collective social norms about drinking are malleable and not uniform in any one country. Three factors are proposed to inform programmes: provide information about the consequences of the harmful use of alcohol, and their causes and distribution; act on groups, not individuals; and strengthen environmental laws, regulations and approaches.
Purposeful policies and programmes could be implemented to change collective social norms in disfavour of the harmful use of alcohol; they should be evidence-based and fully evaluated for their impact.
公共部门机构呼吁制定政策和方案，以改变不利于有害饮酒行为的集体社会规范。本文旨在识别和总结相关证据，并就如何实施和评估改变社会规范的政策和方案提出建议。
对截至2017年7月的所有年份的综述进行回顾。
检索OVID Medline、Healthstar、Embase、PsycINFO、AMED、社会工作摘要、CAB摘要、心理测量年鉴、乔安娜·布里格斯循证医学中心、健康与心理社会工具、国际药学文摘、国际政治学文摘、美国社会工作者协会临床登记数据库以及印刷版之前的Epub数据库。
所有综述，不受语言或日期限制，检索词为（（综述或文献综述或综述文献或数据汇总或比较研究或系统综述或荟萃分析或汇总分析）以及（社会规范或文化）以及（饮酒））。
识别出两篇相关综述。一篇关于社区干预的综述发现一项研究表明，父母对未成年人饮酒的反对态度有微小变化。另一篇综述强调，关于饮酒的集体社会规范是可塑的，在任何一个国家都不统一。提出三个因素为方案提供参考：提供有害饮酒后果及其原因和分布的信息；针对群体而非个人采取行动；加强环境法律法规和措施。
可以实施有针对性的政策和方案来改变不利于有害饮酒行为的集体社会规范；这些政策和方案应以证据为基础，并对其影响进行全面评估。
