Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Microbiology and Virology Department, Biology Faculty, Havana University, Havana, Cuba.
Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Jan 19;34(2):28. doi: 10.1007/s11274-018-2411-1.
Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Bacillus spp. from polluted freshwater has been poorly addressed. The objective of this research was to determine the diversity and enzymatic potentialities of Bacillus spp. strains isolated from the Almendares River. Bacilli strains from a polluted river were characterized by considering the production of extracellular enzymes using API ZYM. 14 strains were selected and identified using 16S rRNA, gyrB and aroE genes. Genotypic diversity of the Bacillus spp. strains was evaluated using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the presence of genetic determinants of potential virulence toxins of the Bacillus cereus group and proteinaceous crystal inclusions of Bacillus thuringiensis was determined. 10 strains were identified as B. thuringiensis, two as Bacillus megaterium, one as Bacillus pumilus and one as Bacillus subtilis. Most strains produced proteases, amylases, phosphatases, esterases, aminopeptidases and glucanases, which reflect the abundance of biopolymeric matter in Almendares River. Comparison of the typing results revealed a spatio-temporal distribution among B. thuringiensis strains along the river. The results of the present study highlight the genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Bacillus spp. strains from a polluted river, which contributes to the knowledge of genetic diversity of Bacilli from tropical polluted freshwater ecosystems.
从受污染的淡水中分离的芽孢杆菌的基因型和表型特征尚未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是确定从阿尔梅达雷斯河分离的芽孢杆菌菌株的多样性和酶潜力。通过使用 API ZYM 检测胞外酶的产生来表征来自污染河流的芽孢杆菌菌株。选择了 14 株菌株，并使用 16S rRNA、gyrB 和 aroE 基因进行鉴定。使用脉冲场凝胶电泳评估了芽孢杆菌菌株的基因型多样性。此外，还确定了芽孢杆菌 cereus 群潜在毒力毒素和苏云金芽孢杆菌蛋白质晶包涵体的遗传决定因素的存在。鉴定出 10 株为苏云金芽孢杆菌，2 株为巨大芽孢杆菌，1 株为短小芽孢杆菌，1 株为枯草芽孢杆菌。大多数菌株产生蛋白酶、淀粉酶、磷酸酶、酯酶、氨肽酶和葡聚糖酶，这反映了阿尔梅达雷斯河中生物聚合物的丰富度。分型结果的比较显示了沿河流分布的苏云金芽孢杆菌菌株的时空分布。本研究结果突出了来自污染河流的芽孢杆菌菌株的基因型和表型多样性，有助于了解热带污染淡水生态系统中芽孢杆菌的遗传多样性。
