Cell Cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Lab, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain.
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Languedoc-Roussillon, Montpellier, France.
Cell Death Differ. 2018 Mar;25(3):471-476. doi: 10.1038/s41418-017-0040-0. Epub 2018 Jan 19.
Among the most intriguing and relevant questions in physiology is how developing tissues correctly coordinate proliferation with differentiation. Endoreplication, in a broad sense, is a consequence of a cell division block in the presence of an active cell cycle, and it typically occurs as cells differentiate terminally to fulfill a specialised function. Until recently, endoreplication was thought to be a rare variation of the cell cycle in mammals, more common in invertebrates and plants. However, in the last years, endoreplication has been uncovered in various tissues in mammalian organisms, including human. A recent report showing that cells in the mammary gland become binucleate at lactation sheds new insight into the importance of mammalian polyploidisation. We here propose that endoreplication is a widespread phenomenon in mammalian developing tissues that results from an automatic, robust and simple self-limiting mechanism coordinating cell multiplication with differentiation. This mechanism might act as a developmental timer. The model has implications for homeostasis control and carcinogenesis.
在生理学中，最有趣和相关的问题之一是，发育中的组织如何正确地协调增殖与分化。广义上讲，核内有丝分裂是细胞周期中细胞分裂受阻的结果，通常发生在细胞终末分化以履行特定功能时。直到最近，人们还认为核内有丝分裂是哺乳动物细胞周期的罕见变异，在无脊椎动物和植物中更为常见。然而，在过去的几年中，核内有丝分裂已在哺乳动物生物体的各种组织中被发现，包括人类。最近的一份报告表明，哺乳期乳腺中的细胞变成双核，这为哺乳动物多倍体化的重要性提供了新的认识。我们在这里提出，核内有丝分裂是哺乳动物发育组织中广泛存在的现象，它源于一种自动、稳健且简单的自我限制机制，协调细胞增殖与分化。这种机制可能充当发育定时器。该模型对稳态控制和癌变具有重要意义。
