Park Seoung Hoon, Casamento-Moran Agostina, Singer Michele L, Ernster Alayna E, Yacoubi Basma, Humbert Ianessa A, Christou Evangelos A
Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Hum Mov Sci. 2018 Apr;58:88-96. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.01.002. Epub 2018 Jan 30.
Although movement is controlled by different descending pathways, it remains unknown whether the integration of visual feedback and motor learning differs for movements controlled by different descending pathways. Here, we compare motor control and learning of the ankle joint and tongue because they are primarily controlled by the corticospinal and corticobulbar pathways, respectively. Twelve young adults (19.63 ± 2.11 years, 6 females) practiced a tracking task (combination of 0.02, 0.37, 0.5, and 1 Hz) with ankle dorsiflexion and with tongue elevation for 100 trials. The participants practiced each effector (ankle and tongue) in different days and the order of the effector was counterbalanced. Following practice, participants performed the same tracking task with concurrent contractions of the tongue and ankle (dual tracking task; transfer) with three different visual feedback conditions (no visual feedback, visual feedback only for ankle, visual feedback only for tongue). We quantified the force accuracy (RMSE) from each effector during the practice and transfer periods. During practice, the force accuracy and performance improvement to the visuomotor task was greater for the ankle dorsiflexion than tongue elevation. During the transfer task, the ankle dorsiflexion was more accurate than tongue elevation, independent of whether visual feedback was given for the ankle or tongue. The greater performance improvement for the ankle dorsiflexion during practice was related to superior transfer performance. These findings suggest that the corticospinal pathway integrates visual feedback more efficiently than the corticobulbar pathway, which enhances performance and learning of visuomotor tasks.
尽管运动由不同的下行通路控制，但对于由不同下行通路控制的运动，视觉反馈和运动学习的整合是否存在差异仍不清楚。在这里，我们比较踝关节和舌头的运动控制与学习，因为它们分别主要由皮质脊髓束和皮质延髓束通路控制。12名年轻成年人（19.63±2.11岁，6名女性）进行了一项跟踪任务（0.02、0.37、0.5和1赫兹的组合），包括踝关节背屈和舌头抬高，共进行100次试验。参与者在不同的日子练习每个效应器（踝关节和舌头），效应器的顺序是平衡交替的。练习后，参与者在三种不同的视觉反馈条件下（无视觉反馈、仅踝关节有视觉反馈、仅舌头有视觉反馈），同时收缩舌头和踝关节进行相同的跟踪任务（双重跟踪任务；转移）。我们在练习和转移期间量化了每个效应器的力准确性（均方根误差）。在练习期间，踝关节背屈的力准确性和对视觉运动任务的性能改善比舌头抬高更大。在转移任务中，无论视觉反馈是针对踝关节还是舌头，踝关节背屈都比舌头抬高更准确。练习期间踝关节背屈更大的性能改善与更好的转移性能相关。这些发现表明，皮质脊髓束通路比皮质延髓束通路更有效地整合视觉反馈，这增强了视觉运动任务的性能和学习。
