Sakaoka Atsushi, Koshimizu Masafumi, Nakamura Shintaro, Matsumura Kiyoshi
Evaluation Center, R&D Administration and Promotion Department, Terumo Corporation, 1500 Inokuchi, Nakai-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 259-0151, Japan.
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan.
Exp Anim. 2018 May 10;67(2):291-299. doi: 10.1538/expanim.17-0125. Epub 2018 Jan 19.
Swine are the most common animal model in preclinical studies of cardiovascular devices. Because of the recent trend for development of new devices for percutaneous catheterization, especially for the renal arteries (RAs), we examined the quantitative anatomical dimensions of the RAs and adjacent aorta in swine. Angiographic images were analyzed in 66 female Yorkshire/Landrace crossbred swine. The diameter of both the right and left main RA was 5.4 ± 0.6 mm. The length of the right main RA was significantly longer than that of the left (29.8 ± 7.5 mm vs. 20.6 ± 5.4 mm, respectively; P<0.001). The diameter of both the right and left branch RA with diameters ≥3 mm (the target vessel diameter of recently developed devices) was 3.8 ± 0.5 mm. The right branch RA was significantly longer than that of the left (18.9 ± 7.8 mm vs. 16.4 ± 7.4 mm, respectively; P<0.05). The branching angle of the right RA from the aorta was significantly smaller than that of the left (91 ± 12° vs. 103 ± 15°, respectively; P<0.001). The diameters of the suprarenal and infrarenal aorta were 10.6 ± 1.1 mm and 9.7 ± 0.9 mm, respectively. In conclusion, because of their similar dimensions to human, swine are an appropriate animal model for assessing the safety of, and determining optimal design of, catheter devices for RAs in simulated clinical use. However, there were species differences in the branching angle and adjacent aorta diameter, suggesting that swine models alone are inadequate to assess the delivery performance of catheter devices for RAs.
猪是心血管器械临床前研究中最常用的动物模型。由于近期经皮导管插入术新器械，尤其是肾动脉（RA）相关器械的发展趋势，我们研究了猪肾动脉及相邻主动脉的定量解剖尺寸。对66只雌性约克夏/长白杂交猪的血管造影图像进行了分析。左右主肾动脉直径均为5.4±0.6毫米。右主肾动脉长度显著长于左主肾动脉（分别为29.8±7.5毫米和20.6±5.4毫米；P<0.001）。直径≥3毫米（近期研发器械的目标血管直径）的左右分支肾动脉直径均为3.8±0.5毫米。右分支肾动脉显著长于左分支肾动脉（分别为18.9±7.8毫米和16.4±7.4毫米；P<0.05）。右肾动脉从主动脉发出的分支角度显著小于左肾动脉（分别为91±12°和103±15°；P<0.001）。肾上腺上方和下方主动脉直径分别为10.6±1.1毫米和9.7±0.9毫米。总之，由于猪的尺寸与人类相似，猪是模拟临床使用中评估肾动脉导管器械安全性和确定最佳设计的合适动物模型。然而，在分支角度和相邻主动脉直径方面存在种属差异，这表明仅用猪模型不足以评估肾动脉导管器械的输送性能。
