Silvester Alexander, Neal Timothy, Czanner Gabriela, Briggs Michael, Harding Simon, Kaye Stephen
St Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
BMJ Open Ophthalmol. 2016 Nov 11;1(1):e000006. doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2016-000006. eCollection 2017.
To determine whether there was a change in the resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from cases of conjunctivitis following the introduction of over-the-counter availability of chloramphenicol in 2005.
Retrospective review of laboratory records for adult patients with suspected bacterial conjunctivitis between 2001 and 2012 attending the Royal Liverpool University Hospital.
Patients with suspected bacterial conjunctivitis. Organisms were identified by standard laboratory methods. Scanty growth and normal flora were considered as a negative result. For positive results, susceptibility testing was undertaken as per British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy guidelines.
Prevalence of groups of bacteria associated with acute conjunctivitis and their resistance to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and methicillin.
A total of 8209 conjunctival swabs were reviewed; 1300 (15.8%) were considered positive, of which 977 (75.2%) and 323 (24.8%) bacteria were identified as Gram positive and Gram negative, respectively. was the most prevalent organism identified. Resistance of all bacterial isolates to chloramphenicol was 8.4% varying from 3.0% to 16.4% while that for ciprofloxacin and gentamicin was 16.4% and 14.0%, respectively. Methicillin resistance among was 8.3%.
Resistance to chloramphenicol has remained stable since being made available over the counter. Among Gram-positive bacteria, the most prevalent causative agent of bacterial conjunctivitis, chloramphenicol sensitivity remains high.
确定在2005年氯霉素非处方可用后，从结膜炎病例中分离出的细菌耐药模式是否发生了变化。
对2001年至2012年在皇家利物浦大学医院就诊的疑似细菌性结膜炎成年患者的实验室记录进行回顾性研究。
疑似细菌性结膜炎患者。通过标准实验室方法鉴定微生物。生长稀少和正常菌群被视为阴性结果。对于阳性结果，根据英国抗菌化疗协会指南进行药敏试验。
与急性结膜炎相关的细菌群体的患病率及其对氯霉素、环丙沙星、庆大霉素和甲氧西林的耐药性。
共审查了8209份结膜拭子；1300份（15.8%）被视为阳性，其中977份（75.2%）和323份（24.8%）细菌分别被鉴定为革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性。是鉴定出的最常见微生物。所有细菌分离株对氯霉素的耐药率为8.4%，从3.0%到16.4%不等，而对环丙沙星和庆大霉素的耐药率分别为16.4%和14.0%。中的甲氧西林耐药率为8.3%。
自非处方可用以来，对氯霉素的耐药性一直保持稳定。在革兰氏阳性细菌中，细菌性结膜炎最常见的病原体，氯霉素敏感性仍然很高。
