Ellery Paul E R, Hilden Ida, Sejling Ken, Loftager Mette, Martinez Nicholas D, Maroney Susan A, Mast Alan E
Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2018 Jan;2(1):93-104. doi: 10.1002/rth2.12058. Epub 2017 Dec 29.
Plasma Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) circulates bound to factor V (fV) and Protein S (PS). Estrogen therapy decreases plasma TFPI and PS. TFPI, fV, and PS circulate within platelets, and are released upon activation to modulate thrombus formation.
Identify factors affecting the concentrations of plasma and platelet TFPI, fV, and PS.
Blood samples were obtained from 435 healthy individuals. Plasma total TFPI, TFPIɑ, fV, and PS, and platelet TFPI, fV, and PS were quantified. Correlations between these protein concentrations and age, gender, race, and estrogen use were established.
In males, only plasma fV increased with age, while in females, all plasma analytes increased with age. Males had higher plasma total TFPI, TFPIα, and PS than females. The platelet proteins in either sex remained relatively stable with increasing age. Platelet TFPI and PS were comparable in both sexes, while platelet fV was higher in females. Estrogen use was associated with decreased plasma total TFPI and TFPIα, and platelet PS, but not with platelet TFPI concentration. Racial differences in plasma and platelet proteins were observed, some of which were larger than inter-individual differences observed within racial groups. TFPI, fV and PS concentrations correlated in plasma, while only fV and PS correlated in platelets.
Plasma and platelet TFPI, fV and PS differ in their: (i) in vivo association; (ii) demographic correlates; and (iii) alteration by estrogen therapies. Therefore, the plasma and platelet pools of these proteins may modulate hemostasis and thrombosis via different biochemical pathways.
血浆组织因子途径抑制物（TFPI）与因子V（fV）和蛋白S（PS）结合循环。雌激素治疗可降低血浆TFPI和PS水平。TFPI、fV和PS在血小板内循环，并在激活时释放以调节血栓形成。
确定影响血浆和血小板中TFPI、fV和PS浓度的因素。
采集435名健康个体的血样。对血浆总TFPI、TFPIα、fV和PS以及血小板TFPI、fV和PS进行定量分析。建立这些蛋白浓度与年龄、性别、种族和雌激素使用之间的相关性。
在男性中，仅血浆fV随年龄增加，而在女性中，所有血浆分析物均随年龄增加。男性的血浆总TFPI、TFPIα和PS高于女性。随着年龄增长，两性的血小板蛋白相对保持稳定。两性的血小板TFPI和PS相当，而女性的血小板fV更高。使用雌激素与血浆总TFPI和TFPIα降低以及血小板PS降低有关，但与血小板TFPI浓度无关。观察到血浆和血小板蛋白存在种族差异，其中一些差异大于种族组内观察到的个体间差异。血浆中TFPI、fV和PS浓度相关，而血小板中仅fV和PS相关。
血浆和血小板中的TFPI、fV和PS在以下方面存在差异：（i）体内关联；（ii）人口统计学相关性；（iii）雌激素治疗的影响。因此，这些蛋白的血浆和血小板池可能通过不同的生化途径调节止血和血栓形成。
