Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casella 302, Correo 22, Santiago, Chile.
Chem Soc Rev. 2018 Feb 21;47(4):1484-1515. doi: 10.1039/c7cs00515f. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
Pharmaceutical drugs with low water solubility have always received great attention within the scientific community. The reduced bioavailability and the need of frequent administrations have motivated the investigation of new drug delivery systems. Within this context, drug carriers that release their payload in a sustained way and hence reduce the administration rate are highly demanded. One interesting strategy to meet these requirements is the entrapment of the drugs into gels. So far, the most investigated materials for such drug-loaded gels are derived from polymers and based on covalent linkages. However, over the last decade the use of physical (or supramolecular) gels derived from low molecular weight compounds has experienced strong growth in this field, mainly due to important properties such as injectability, stimuli responsiveness and ease of synthesis. This review summarizes the use of supramolecular gels for the encapsulation and controlled release of small therapeutic molecules.
具有低水溶性的药物一直受到科学界的关注。生物利用度降低和频繁给药的需求促使人们研究新的药物传递系统。在这种情况下，以持续方式释放药物有效成分从而降低给药频率的药物载体受到了广泛关注。满足这些要求的一个有趣策略是将药物包封在凝胶中。到目前为止，用于此类载药凝胶的最受关注的材料是源自聚合物并基于共价键的材料。然而，在过去十年中，基于低分子量化合物的物理（或超分子）凝胶的使用在该领域经历了强劲的增长，这主要归因于其一些重要性质，如可注射性、刺激响应性和易于合成。本文综述了超分子凝胶在小分子治疗药物的包封和控制释放中的应用。
