Ogden Ruth S, MacKenzie-Phelan Rhiannon, Mongtomery Catharine, Fisk John E, Wearden John H
1 School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
2 School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2019 Mar;72(3):377-388. doi: 10.1177/1747021817751869. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
Temporal perception is influenced by executive function. However, performance on different temporal tasks is often associated with different executive functions. This study examined whether using reference memory during a task influenced how performance was associated with executive resources. Participants completed temporal generalisation and bisection tasks, in their normal versions involving reference memory and in episodic versions without reference memory. Each timing task had two difficulty levels: easy and hard. Correlations between performance on these tasks and measures of executive function (updating, inhibition, task switching, and access to semantic memory) were assessed. Accuracy on the temporal generalisation task was correlated with memory access for all versions of the task. Updating correlated with accuracy only for the reference memory-based version of the task. Temporal bisection performance presented a different pattern of correlations. The bisection point was negatively correlated with inhibition scores, except for the easy episodic condition. The Weber ratio, considered a measure of temporal sensitivity, was negatively correlated with memory access only in the hard episodic condition. Together, the findings suggest that previous models of generalisation and bisection may not accurately reflect the underlying cognitive processes involved in the tasks.
时间知觉受执行功能的影响。然而，在不同时间任务上的表现往往与不同的执行功能相关。本研究考察了在任务中使用参照记忆是否会影响表现与执行资源之间的关联方式。参与者完成了时间泛化和二分任务，包括涉及参照记忆的常规版本以及不涉及参照记忆的情景版本。每个计时任务都有两个难度级别：简单和困难。评估了这些任务的表现与执行功能测量指标（更新、抑制、任务切换以及语义记忆提取）之间的相关性。时间泛化任务的准确性在所有版本的任务中都与记忆提取相关。更新仅与基于参照记忆版本的任务准确性相关。时间二分表现呈现出不同的相关模式。除了简单情景条件外，二分点与抑制分数呈负相关。韦伯比率被视为时间敏感性的一种度量，仅在困难情景条件下与记忆提取呈负相关。总之，研究结果表明，先前的泛化和二分模型可能无法准确反映任务中所涉及的潜在认知过程。
