Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Ruta Nacional N° 36, Km 601, Agencia Postal N° 3, 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina.
Nanotechnology. 2018 Mar 23;29(12):125604. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaa99a.
Polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI-NPs) were easily obtained applying the solvent displacement method by using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as good solvent and water as poor solvent. Different polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), chondroitin sulfate (ChS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were used as stabilizers. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy corroborated the size and morphology of the formed NPs. It was demonstrated that the size of nanoparticles could be controlled by setting the concentration of PANI in NMP, the NMP to water ratio, and the stabilizer's nature. The functionalization and fluorescence of NPs were checked by spectroscopic techniques. Since polyaniline show only weak intrinsic luminescence, fluorescent groups were linked to the polyaniline chains prior to the nanoparticle formation using a linker. Polyaniline chains were functionalized by nucleophilic addition of cysteamine trough the thiol group thereby incorporating pendant primary aliphatic amine groups to the polyaniline backbone. Then, dansyl chloride (DNS-Cl), which could act as an extrinsic chromophore, was conjugated to the amine pendant groups. Later, the functionalized polyaniline was used to produce nanoparticles by solvent displacement. The optical and functional properties of fluorescent nanoparticles (F-PANI-NPs) were determined. F-PANI-NPs in the conductive state (pH < 4) are able to absorb near infrared radiation (NIR) creating a photothermal effect in an aqueous medium. Thus, multifunctional nanoparticles are obtained. The application of NIR on a F-PANI-NPs dispersion in contact with Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes bacterial death. Therefore, the F-PANI-NPs could be tracked and applied to inhibit different diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms and resistant to antibiotics as well as a new disinfection method to surgical materials.
聚苯胺纳米粒子（PANI-NPs）可通过溶剂置换法轻易获得，该方法以 N-甲基吡咯烷酮（NMP）为良溶剂，水为不良溶剂。采用不同的聚合物如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）、硫酸软骨素（ChS）、聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚丙烯酸（PAA）作为稳定剂。动态光散射和扫描电子显微镜证实了形成的 NPs 的尺寸和形态。研究表明，纳米粒子的尺寸可以通过设定 NMP 中 PANI 的浓度、NMP 与水的比例以及稳定剂的性质来控制。通过光谱技术检查了 NPs 的功能化和荧光性质。由于聚苯胺仅显示出微弱的固有荧光，因此在形成纳米粒子之前，通过连接子将荧光基团连接到聚苯胺链上。通过半胱氨酸的巯基亲核加成，将聚苯胺链功能化，从而将支链伯脂肪族胺基团引入聚苯胺主链中。然后，将丹磺酰氯（DNS-Cl）与胺支链基团缀合，DNS-Cl 可以作为外生发色团。之后，使用功能化的聚苯胺通过溶剂置换法制备纳米粒子。测定了荧光纳米粒子（F-PANI-NPs）的光学和功能特性。在导电状态（pH<4）下，F-PANI-NPs 能够吸收近红外辐射（NIR），在水介质中产生光热效应。因此，获得了多功能纳米粒子。将近红外光应用于与铜绿假单胞菌接触的 F-PANI-NPs 分散体中会导致细菌死亡。因此，F-PANI-NPs 可以被追踪并应用于抑制由致病微生物引起的不同疾病，这些疾病对抗生素具有耐药性，同时也是一种新的外科材料消毒方法。
