Milne A, Allwood G K, Pearce N E, Lucas C R, Krugman S
N Z Med J. 1986 Feb 12;99(795):47-9.
One hundred and sixty-nine children negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody (anti-HBs), were given three doses of hepatitis B vaccine at monthly intervals. Doses were two micrograms or four micrograms given intradermally (ID) or intramuscularly (IM). All children were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) one month after the second dose of vaccine. Overall, 74% of children on two micrograms doses and 71% of children on four micrograms doses responded to two doses of vaccine by the production of anti-HBs. At this point, mass immunisation of other susceptible children was commenced. Four of 92 (4%) three to five year old subjects and 20 of 77 (26%) nine to 12 year olds were found to be anti-HBc positive alone, indicating prior infection. All 77 older children were further tested two months after the third dose of vaccine. All 20 who were anti-HBc positive, sero-converted for anti-HBs. Of the remaining 57, 52 (91%) produced anti-HBs at acceptable geometric mean titres (GMT). Three doses of two micrograms of H-B-VAX, given at monthly intervals were chosen for mass vaccination of high risk susceptible children in this mobile community, providing over 90% sero-conversion at low cost with a minimum of side effects.
169名乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）和抗体（抗-HBs）均为阴性的儿童，每隔一个月接种三剂乙肝疫苗。剂量为2微克或4微克，采用皮内注射（ID）或肌肉注射（IM）。在接种第二剂疫苗后1个月，对所有儿童进行HBsAg、抗-HBs和乙肝核心抗原抗体（抗-HBc）检测。总体而言，接种2微克剂量疫苗的儿童中有74%，接种4微克剂量疫苗的儿童中有71%通过产生抗-HBs对两剂疫苗产生了反应。此时，开始对其他易感儿童进行大规模免疫接种。在92名3至5岁的儿童中有4名（4%），77名9至12岁的儿童中有20名（26%）仅抗-HBc呈阳性，表明曾有过感染。所有77名大龄儿童在接种第三剂疫苗两个月后进一步接受检测。所有20名抗-HBc呈阳性的儿童均血清转化为抗-HBs。在其余57名儿童中，52名（91%）产生了几何平均滴度（GMT）可接受的抗-HBs。对于这个流动社区中的高危易感儿童，选择每月接种三剂2微克的H-B-VAX进行大规模疫苗接种，以低成本提供超过90%的血清转化率，且副作用最小。
