University of Basel, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Switzerland.
University of Basel, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Switzerland.
J Sci Med Sport. 2018 Aug;21(8):833-838. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.01.001. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
To examine the effects of a structured exercise program implemented during school break-time on working memory maintenance and neurophysiological indices of task preparation processes in adolescents.
Using class-wise random allocation, participants from four classes were divided into an exercise (n=20) and a wait-list control group (n=16). Over a period of eight weeks, the exercise group engaged in 20min of combined aerobic and coordinative exercise on each school day.
Prior to and after the intervention period, participants performed a computer-based Sternberg task for the assessment of working memory performance. Simultaneously, the contingent negative variation (CNV) of event-related potentials was measured.
The exercise group demonstrated a larger decrease in reaction time from pre- to post-test relative to the control group, F(1, 31)=13.5, p<0.001. No changes were found for accuracy on the Sternberg task across groups. Using cluster-based permutation testing, the analysis of event-related potentials revealed a significant increase of the initial CNV from pre- to post-test in the exercise group, cluster value=-2376.2, p=0.006, which was most pronounced for the fronto-central region, with no such effect observed for the control group.
Daily engagement in a short combined aerobic and coordinative exercise program following the school lunch time break elicits benefits for working memory in adolescents. These changes are accompanied by improvements of task preparation processes, which allow the selection of a more appropriate cognitive control strategy.
研究在课间休息期间实施结构化运动方案对青少年工作记忆维持和任务准备过程神经生理指标的影响。
采用班级随机分组的方法，将来自四个班级的参与者分为运动组（n=20）和等待名单对照组（n=16）。在八周的时间里，运动组每天在课间休息时进行 20 分钟的有氧和协调运动。
在干预前后，参与者使用基于计算机的 Sternberg 任务评估工作记忆表现。同时，测量事件相关电位的负变（CNV）。
与对照组相比，运动组的反应时间从预测试到后测试有更大的下降，F（1, 31）=13.5，p<0.001。两组在 Sternberg 任务上的准确性均无变化。使用基于聚类的置换检验，对事件相关电位的分析显示，运动组的初始 CNV 从预测试到后测试有显著增加，聚类值=-2376.2，p=0.006，在额中央区域最为明显，对照组则没有观察到这种效应。
每天在课间午餐时间后进行短暂的综合有氧和协调运动方案，对青少年的工作记忆有好处。这些变化伴随着任务准备过程的改善，这使得他们能够选择更合适的认知控制策略。
