Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Psychology, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK.
Psychophysiology. 2023 Mar;60(3):e14182. doi: 10.1111/psyp.14182. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
This study investigated the unique contribution of motor ability to visuospatial working memory (VSWM) and neuroelectric activity in school-age children. Seventy-six children aged 8.7 ± 1.1 years participated in this cross-sectional study. We assessed aerobic fitness using the 20-m endurance shuttle run test, muscular fitness (endurance, power) using a standard test battery, and motor ability (manual dexterity, ball skills, and static and dynamic balance) using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children. A modified delayed match-to-sample test was used to assess VSWM and the P3 component of event-related potentials. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that greater aerobic fitness was associated with smaller coefficient of variation of reaction time (p = .008), greater muscular fitness was associated with higher response accuracy (p = .022), greater motor ability was associated with higher response accuracy (p < .001) and increased P3 mean amplitude (p < .001) after controlling for age. Furthermore, the positive associations of motor ability with response accuracy (p = .001) were independent of muscular fitness. The findings from this study provide new insight into the differential associations between health-related fitness domains and VSWM, highlighting the influence of motor ability on brain health and cognitive development during childhood.
本研究探讨了运动能力对学龄儿童视空间工作记忆（VSWM）和神经电活动的独特贡献。本横断面研究纳入了 76 名 8.7±1.1 岁的儿童。我们使用 20 米耐力往返跑测试评估有氧适能，使用标准测试组合评估肌肉适能（耐力、力量），并使用儿童运动评估电池评估运动能力（手眼协调能力、球技和静态及动态平衡）。我们使用改良的延迟匹配样本测试来评估 VSWM 和事件相关电位的 P3 成分。分层回归分析表明，较高的有氧适能与反应时变异系数较小（p=0.008）相关，较高的肌肉适能与较高的反应准确性相关（p=0.022），较高的运动能力与较高的反应准确性相关（p<0.001），并且在控制年龄后 P3 平均振幅增加（p<0.001）。此外，运动能力与反应准确性的正相关（p=0.001）独立于肌肉适能。本研究的结果提供了新的见解，即健康相关适能领域与 VSWM 之间的关联存在差异，强调了运动能力对儿童期大脑健康和认知发展的影响。
