Rabi A, Maheshwari Rahul, Srinivasan Bhuvaneshwari, Warad Lata P, Suvarna C C, Tank Kartik S
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Medical College, Kollam, Kerala, India, e-mail:
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dibrugarh Assam, India.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2018 Jan 1;19(1):81-85. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2215.
The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy following extraction of an impacted mandibular third molar.
This randomized controlled trial was conducted on a total of 60 patients who were randomly assigned into three groups: Group I individuals were given 625 mg of combined amoxicillin and clavulanic acid tablet; 625 mg of combined amoxicillin and clavulanic acid tablet + 400 mg metronidazole tablet was given to group II individuals; whereas group III individuals were assigned no treatment. All the individuals underwent surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars under strict aseptic techniques, with minimal trauma to the surrounding tissues. Mouth opening in millimeters was recorded postoperatively using Vernier calipers on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days. A 4-point visual analog scale (VAS) was used for assessing postoperative pain. Patient satisfaction was further assessed in a subjective manner using a graded scale from "very satisfied" to "very unsatisfied".
The present study included individuals between the ages of 20 and 35 years. Group II individuals showed slightly better satisfaction than the other group individuals. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean age of groups. It was observed that on day 3, the number of individuals with severe pain was slightly reduced in the group I compared with group III individuals. On day 5, participants with no pain were significantly more in group II followed by group I. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between the study groups with respect to mouth opening on days 3 and 5.
It was concluded from this trial that the administration of postoperative antimicrobials showed no significant differences in the degree of postoperative complications that occur following the surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.
Antimicrobial drugs are routinely used to reduce the chances of surgical site infection, either preopera-tively or postoperatively. Therefore, the clinicians should have sound knowledge about choosing the better antimicrobial drug after the extraction of impacted third molars.
本研究旨在评估拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙后抗菌治疗的效果。
本随机对照试验共纳入60例患者，随机分为三组：第一组患者服用625mg阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片；第二组患者服用625mg阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片 + 400mg甲硝唑片；而第三组患者不接受治疗。所有患者均在严格无菌技术下接受下颌阻生第三磨牙的手术拔除，对周围组织的创伤最小。术后第1、3、5和7天使用游标卡尺记录开口度（以毫米为单位）。采用4分视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估术后疼痛。采用从“非常满意”到“非常不满意”的分级量表以主观方式进一步评估患者满意度。
本研究纳入了年龄在20至35岁之间的个体。第二组患者的满意度略高于其他组患者。各组的平均年龄之间无统计学显著差异。观察到，在第3天，与第三组患者相比，第一组中重度疼痛的患者数量略有减少。在第5天，第二组中无疼痛的参与者明显多于第一组。此外，在第3天和第5天，各研究组之间在开口度方面存在统计学显著差异。
从该试验得出的结论是，术后给予抗菌药物在下颌阻生第三磨牙手术拔除后发生的术后并发症程度方面无显著差异。
抗菌药物通常用于术前或术后降低手术部位感染的几率。因此，临床医生在拔除阻生第三磨牙后应具备选择更好抗菌药物的扎实知识。
