Fichtl Anna, Büttner Andreas, Hof Patrick R, Schmitz Christoph, Kiessling Maren C
Chair of Neuroanatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Front Neuroanat. 2018 Jan 8;11:134. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00134. eCollection 2017.
Recent design-based stereologic studies have shown that the early postnatal (<1 year of age) human cerebellum is characterized by very high plasticity and may thus be very sensitive to external and internal influences during the first year of life. A potential weakness of these studies is that they were not separately performed on functionally relevant subregions of the cerebellum, as was the case in a few design-based stereologic studies on the adult human cerebellum. The aim of the present study was to assess whether it is possible to identify unequivocally the primary, superior posterior, horizontal, ansoparamedian, and posterolateral fissures in the early postnatal human cerebellum, based on which functionally relevant subregions could be delineated. This was tested in 20 human post mortem cerebellar halves from subjects aged between 1 day and 11 months by means of a combined macroscopic and microscopic approach. We found that the superior posterior, horizontal, and posterolateral fissures can be reliably identified on all of the specimens. However, reliable and reproducible identification of the primary and ansoparamedian fissures was not possible. Accordingly, it appears feasible to perform subregion-specific investigations in the early postnatal human cerebellum when the identification of subregions is restricted to crus I (bordered by the superior posterior and horizontal fissures) and the flocculus (bordered by the posterolateral fissure). As such, it is recommended to define the entire cerebellar cortex as the region of interest in design-based stereologic studies on the early postnatal human cerebellum to guarantee reproducibility of results.
最近基于设计的体视学研究表明，出生后早期（<1岁）的人类小脑具有很高的可塑性，因此在生命的第一年可能对外部和内部影响非常敏感。这些研究的一个潜在弱点是，它们没有像对成年人类小脑进行的一些基于设计的体视学研究那样，在小脑功能相关的亚区域分别进行。本研究的目的是评估是否有可能明确识别出生后早期人类小脑中的初级、上后、水平、脑桥旁正中及后外侧裂，在此基础上可以划定功能相关的亚区域。通过宏观和微观相结合的方法，在20个来自1天至11个月大受试者的人类死后小脑半片中对此进行了测试。我们发现，所有标本上均能可靠识别上后、水平及后外侧裂。然而，无法可靠且可重复地识别初级和脑桥旁正中裂。因此，当亚区域的识别仅限于小脑I脚（以上后和水平裂为界）和绒球（以后外侧裂为界）时，对出生后早期人类小脑进行亚区域特异性研究似乎是可行的。因此，建议在基于设计的出生后早期人类小脑体视学研究中，将整个小脑皮质定义为感兴趣区域，以保证结果的可重复性。
