Morrison Cassandra, Rabipour Sheida, Knoefel Frank, Sheppard Christine, Taler Vanessa
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Curr Alzheimer Res. 2018;15(8):702-715. doi: 10.2174/1567205015666180123123209.
Mild cognitive deficits are more likely to occur with increasing age, and become more pronounced for people diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conventional methods to identify cognitive declines (i.e., neuropsychological testing and clinical judgment) can lead to false positive diagnoses of cognitive impairment. Tools such as electroencephalography (EEG) offer additional measures of cognitive processing, indexing the electrophysiological changes associated with aging, MCI and AD.
We reviewed the literature on EEG to determine if auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) could distinguish between healthy aging, MCI, and AD.
We searched two electronic databases (Medline and PyscInfo) for articles published between January 2005 and April 2017. Articles were considered for review if they included: i) participants 60 years of age or older; ii) healthy older adults or those diagnosed with MCI or AD; iii) at least one auditory elicited ERP component.
Our search revealed 1532 articles (800 after removing duplicates); 719 were excluded through title/abstract review, and of the 81 remaining articles, 30 satisfied inclusion criteria. All studies compared cognitive function between at least two of the three selected populations. Our findings suggest that the P300 and N200 components may distinguish between healthy cognitive aging, MCI, and AD.
ERPs may be sensitive to progressive cognitive changes due to MCI and AD. The P300 and N200 may help identify patients who are likely to progress from MCI to AD, and could be a valuable clinical tool.
轻度认知缺陷更有可能随着年龄增长而出现，并且对于被诊断为轻度认知障碍（MCI）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）的人来说会变得更加明显。识别认知衰退的传统方法（即神经心理学测试和临床判断）可能会导致认知障碍的假阳性诊断。脑电图（EEG）等工具提供了认知加工的额外测量方法，对与衰老、MCI和AD相关的电生理变化进行索引。
我们回顾了关于EEG的文献，以确定听觉事件相关电位（ERP）是否能够区分健康衰老、MCI和AD。
我们在两个电子数据库（Medline和PyscInfo）中搜索了2005年1月至2017年4月发表的文章。如果文章包括以下内容，则被考虑纳入综述：i）60岁及以上的参与者；ii）健康的老年人或被诊断为MCI或AD的人；iii）至少一个听觉诱发的ERP成分。
我们的搜索共找到1532篇文章（去除重复后为800篇）；通过标题/摘要筛选排除了719篇，在剩下的81篇文章中，30篇符合纳入标准。所有研究都比较了三个选定人群中至少两组之间的认知功能。我们的研究结果表明，P300和N200成分可能能够区分健康的认知衰老、MCI和AD。
ERP可能对MCI和AD导致的渐进性认知变化敏感。P300和N200可能有助于识别可能从MCI进展为AD的患者，并且可能成为一种有价值的临床工具。
