Borkowska Dagmara I, Napiórkowska Agnieszka M, Brzezińska Sylwia A, Kozińska Monika, Zabost Anna T, Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa M
National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Department of Microbiology, Warsaw, Poland.
Pol J Microbiol. 2017 Mar 30;66(1):5-8. doi: 10.5604/17331331.1234987.
It is estimated that one third of the world's population have latent tuberculosis infection and that this is a significant reservoir for future tuberculosis cases. Most cases occur within two years following initial infection. The identification of individuals with latent tuberculosis infection is difficult due to the lack of an ideal diagnostic assay and incomplete understanding of latent infection. Currently, there are three tests: the oldest tuberculin skin test, T-SPOT.TB and the latest QuantiFERON-Plus for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The interpretation of the test results must be used in the conjunction with a patient's epidemiological history, risk assessment, current clinical status, radiography and microbiological methods to ensure accurate diagnosis.
据估计，全球三分之一的人口患有潜伏性结核感染，这是未来结核病病例的一个重要来源。大多数病例发生在初次感染后的两年内。由于缺乏理想的诊断检测方法以及对潜伏感染的认识不全面，识别潜伏性结核感染个体很困难。目前有三种检测方法：最古老的结核菌素皮肤试验、T-SPOT.TB以及最新的用于检测结核分枝杆菌感染的QuantiFERON-Plus。检测结果的解读必须结合患者的流行病学史、风险评估、当前临床状况、影像学检查和微生物学方法，以确保准确诊断。
