Ledbetter Eric C, Franklin-Guild Rebecca J, Edelmann Michele L
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2018 Nov;21(6):638-645. doi: 10.1111/vop.12549. Epub 2018 Jan 23.
To describe the clinical, microbiologic, and histopathologic features of Capnocytophaga keratitis in dogs.
Seven dogs with naturally acquired Capnocytophaga keratitis.
Medical records of dogs with a clinical diagnosis of keratitis and corneal cultures positive for Capnocytophaga spp. were reviewed. Dog signalment, medical history, clinical findings, and diagnostic assay results were recorded.
Breeds included Boston terrier (n = 3 dogs), Rat terrier (n = 2), and single cases of mixed breed and Pug. All dogs examined had expansive corneal ulceration involving the majority of the corneal surface. Marked corneal infiltrates, keratomalacia, and hypopyon were present. Progression of corneal disease was rapid with extensive dissolution of the corneal stroma. Corneal lesions progressed to catastrophic perforations within 24 h of the initial examination in three dogs, requiring enucleation. One globe was enucleated after failure to resolve with long-term medical therapy. Globes and vision were retained in three dogs following aggressive medical therapy (two dogs) or 360° conjunctival graft surgery (one dog). Capnocytophaga cynodegmi, Capnocytophaga canimorsus, or unspeciated Capnocytophaga spp. were cultured from corneal samples of all dogs. Long, thin, gram-negative rods were present during cytological evaluation of the cornea in some dogs. Histopathologic evaluation of enucleated globes revealed severe and diffuse neutrophilic and collagenolytic keratitis.
Capnocytophaga keratitis is a severe, rapidly progressive corneal infection in dogs that is associated with diffuse corneal involvement, extensive keratomalacia, and a relatively poor prognosis. Clinical features of canine Capnocytophaga keratitis are similar to human cases of this infection.
描述犬科动物二氧化碳嗜纤维菌角膜炎的临床、微生物学及组织病理学特征。
7只自然感染二氧化碳嗜纤维菌角膜炎的犬。
回顾临床诊断为角膜炎且角膜培养物中二氧化碳嗜纤维菌属呈阳性的犬的病历。记录犬的品种、病史、临床检查结果及诊断检测结果。
品种包括波士顿梗犬（3只）、大鼠梗犬（2只），以及1只混种犬和1只哈巴犬。所有检查的犬均有累及大部分角膜表面的扩展性角膜溃疡。存在明显的角膜浸润、角膜软化及前房积脓。角膜疾病进展迅速，角膜基质广泛溶解。3只犬在初次检查后24小时内角膜病变进展至灾难性穿孔，需要进行眼球摘除术。1只犬经长期药物治疗无效后进行了眼球摘除术。3只犬经积极药物治疗（2只犬）或360°结膜移植手术（1只犬）后保留了眼球及视力。所有犬的角膜样本均培养出犬二氧化碳嗜纤维菌、犬咬二氧化碳嗜纤维菌或未分类的二氧化碳嗜纤维菌属。部分犬角膜的细胞学评估显示存在细长的革兰氏阴性杆菌。摘除眼球的组织病理学评估显示严重且弥漫性的中性粒细胞性和胶原溶解性角膜炎。
二氧化碳嗜纤维菌角膜炎是犬科动物一种严重、进展迅速的角膜感染，与弥漫性角膜受累、广泛角膜软化及相对较差的预后相关。犬科动物二氧化碳嗜纤维菌角膜炎的临床特征与人类该感染病例相似。
