Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2018 Oct;52(Pt 1):9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.01.012. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
The diagnostics and management of localized prostate cancer is complicated because of cancer heterogeneity and differentiated progression in various subgroups of patients. As a prostate cancer biomarker, FDA-approved detection assay for serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and its derivatives are not potent enough to diagnose prostate cancer, especially high-grade disease (Gleason ≥7). To date, a collection of new biomarkers was developed. Some of these markers are superior for primary screening while others are particularly helpful for cancer risk stratification, detection of high-grade cancer, and prediction of adverse events. Two of those markers such as proPSA (a part of the Prostate Health Index (PHI)) and prostate specific antigen 3 (PCA3) (a part of the PCA3 Progensa test) were recently approved by FDA for clinical use. Other markers are not PDA-approved yet but are available from Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA)-certified clinical laboratories. In this review, we characterize diagnostic performance of these markers and their diagnostic and prognostic utility for prostate cancer.
由于癌症异质性和不同亚组患者的不同进展，局部前列腺癌的诊断和管理变得复杂。作为前列腺癌的生物标志物，美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准的用于检测血清前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）及其衍生物的检测方法还不够有效，无法诊断前列腺癌，尤其是高级别疾病（Gleason≥7）。迄今为止，已经开发了一系列新的生物标志物。其中一些标志物更适合用于初级筛查，而另一些标志物则特别有助于癌症风险分层、检测高级别癌症和预测不良事件。其中两种标志物，如前列腺特异性抗原前片段（ProPSA）（前列腺健康指数（PHI）的一部分）和前列腺特异性抗原 3（PCA3）（PCA3 Progensa 测试的一部分），最近被 FDA 批准用于临床使用。其他标志物尚未获得 FDA 批准，但可从临床实验室改进修正案（CLIA）认证的临床实验室获得。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这些标志物的诊断性能及其在前列腺癌诊断和预后中的应用。
