Manczuk Marta, Lobaszewski Jakub, Sulkowska Urszula, Hashim Dana, Boffetta Paolo
Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Maria-Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2019 Mar;28(2):115-123. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000429.
Tobacco smoking remains a number one preventable risk factor of premature death worldwide. Findings of recent research show concurrent trends of lung cancer deaths in males and females in Europe. Although lung cancer death rates are consistently decreasing in male population, in women an upward trend is observed. The burden of tobacco-related harm can be prevented by smoking cessation. The main goal of this analysis is to identify the crucial correlates of successful smoking cessation in the middle-aged Polish population. The data came from 13 172 survey participants south-eastern part of Poland as part of the PONS cohort study established in 2010. A total of 6998 records of those who were either ex-smokers or current smokers at baseline were analyzed. We applied logistic regression and adjusted for sociodemographic covariates and health determinants. Characteristics related to being an ex-smoker as opposed to a current smoker included: older age [men: odds ratio (OR)=1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01-1.05; women: OR=1.05, 95% CI=1.03-1.07], being married or living together, having secondary (OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.14-1.99) or higher (OR=2.30, 95% CI=1.75-3.18) education (women), full-time employment (men), alcohol consumer (women), being overweight (men: OR=2.85, 95% CI=2.26-3.59; women: OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.36-1.87) or obese (men: OR=3.47, 95% CI=2.67-4.51; women: OR=2.99, 95% CI=2.45-3.65), having normal fasting glucose and cholesterol blood level without any treatment (women), assessing their own health highly (9-10, on the scale from 1 to 10) and having at least one accompanying chronic disease (women, OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.07-1.45). These findings provide valuable information on characteristics of ex-smokers as well as behavioral and sociodemographic predictors of successful cessation. Such data expand our knowledge and can be used to design a more comprehensive and targeted group-specific tobacco control policy focused on increasing the number of ex-smokers.
吸烟仍然是全球过早死亡的首要可预防风险因素。近期研究结果显示，欧洲男性和女性肺癌死亡呈现出并发趋势。尽管男性人群的肺癌死亡率持续下降，但女性中却呈现出上升趋势。戒烟可以预防与烟草相关的危害。本分析的主要目的是确定波兰中年人群成功戒烟的关键相关因素。数据来自波兰东南部13172名调查参与者，这是2010年建立的PONS队列研究的一部分。对基线时为既往吸烟者或当前吸烟者的6998条记录进行了分析。我们应用逻辑回归，并对社会人口学协变量和健康决定因素进行了调整。与既往吸烟者而非当前吸烟者相关的特征包括：年龄较大[男性：比值比（OR）=1.03，95%置信区间（CI）=1.01-1.05；女性：OR=1.05，95%CI=1.03-1.07]、已婚或同居、接受过中等（OR=1.51，95%CI=1.14-1.99）或高等（OR=2.30，95%CI=1.75-3.18）教育（女性）、全职工作（男性）、饮酒者（女性）、超重（男性：OR=2.85，95%CI=2.26-3.59；女性：OR=1.60，95%CI=1.36-1.87）或肥胖（男性：OR=3.47，95%CI=2.67-4.51；女性：OR=2.99，95%CI=2.45-3.65）、空腹血糖和胆固醇血液水平正常且未经任何治疗（女性）、对自身健康评价很高（1至10分制中的9-10分）以及患有至少一种伴随的慢性病（女性，OR=1.25，95%CI=1.07-1.45）。这些发现为既往吸烟者的特征以及成功戒烟的行为和社会人口学预测因素提供了有价值的信息。此类数据扩展了我们的知识，可用于设计更全面、有针对性的特定群体烟草控制政策，以增加既往吸烟者的数量。
