Chang S S M, Symons R C A, Ozanne-Smith J
Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Australia.
Department of Ophthalmology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Injury. 2018 Mar;49(3):604-612. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.12.018. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
INTRODUCTION: Extensive efforts to reduce unintentional injury were enacted in the last three decades of the 20th century. Examination of road traffic injury mortality indicates the extent of fatal, unintentional child injuries (0-14 years) future interventions must address. AIMS: (1) describe in-depth child road traffic injury (RTI) deaths 2001-2012 in Victoria, Australia (2) identify the potential preventability of the RTI causes by currently available countermeasures and scope for enhanced implementation and novel solutions. METHOD: Fatal Victorian child injury data were extracted from the National Coronial Information System (NCIS) for the 12 year period January 2001-December 2012. All on-road data was analysed. Data for passenger and pedestrian deaths was examined in depth. Associated factors were determined using univariate and pairwise analysis of factors. Published WHO key prevention strategies, and the recent literature were reviewed, focusing on the identified fatalities among children 0-14 years. RESULTS: For 172 RTI deaths, head injury was the leading medical cause of death (68%). Significantly, the most vulnerable age group for both passengers and pedestrians was 0-4 years. Rural children were over-represented with children aged 0-4 years at greatest risk. Common factors for occupants were loss of control and veering to the incorrect side. For pedestrians the major factors related to rural residence and supervision. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that RTIs are complex and follow chains of events. Numerous promising interventions were identified. Wider implementation of these advanced engineering, education and enforcement strategies may further improve mortality rates in Victoria. Feasible solutions for aspects of the child pedestrian problem remain elusive. This study describes the RTI problem in greater depth than previous studies and reveals that some existing measures are not fully implemented. The need for targeted action in: 0-4 year olds; head injury; and rural regions of Victoria is highlighted. The need for a safe systems approach is paramount.
引言：在20世纪的最后三十年里，人们为减少意外伤害付出了巨大努力。对道路交通伤害死亡率的调查表明了未来干预措施必须解决的致命性、非故意伤害儿童（0至14岁）的程度。 目的：（1）深入描述2001年至2012年澳大利亚维多利亚州儿童道路交通伤害（RTI）死亡情况；（2）通过现有对策确定RTI原因的潜在可预防性，以及加强实施和创新解决方案的空间。 方法：从国家死因信息系统（NCIS）中提取2001年1月至2012年12月期间维多利亚州儿童致命伤害数据。对所有道路数据进行分析。深入研究乘客和行人死亡数据。使用单因素和因素成对分析确定相关因素。审查了世界卫生组织公布的关键预防策略以及近期文献，重点关注0至14岁儿童中的已确定死亡情况。 结果：在172起RTI死亡案例中，头部受伤是主要的医学死因（68%）。值得注意的是，乘客和行人最脆弱的年龄组均为0至4岁。农村儿童占比过高，其中0至4岁儿童风险最大。乘客的常见因素是失控和驶向错误一侧。对于行人来说，主要因素与农村居住和监管有关。 讨论与结论：本研究证实RTIs是复杂的，且遵循一系列事件。确定了许多有前景的干预措施。更广泛地实施这些先进的工程、教育和执法策略可能会进一步提高维多利亚州的死亡率。儿童行人问题某些方面的可行解决方案仍然难以捉摸。本研究比以往研究更深入地描述了RTI问题，并表明一些现有措施未得到充分实施。突出了在以下方面采取针对性行动的必要性：0至4岁儿童；头部受伤；以及维多利亚州农村地区。采用安全系统方法的必要性至关重要。
Injury. 2018-2
Traffic Inj Prev. 2014
Inj Control Saf Promot. 2003
Traffic Inj Prev. 2012
BMC Public Health. 2024-8-21
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022-5-21
Aust J Rural Health. 2022-4
Medicine (Baltimore). 2020-4
Zotero 插件