Institute of Oceanography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Av. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research-CIMAR/CIIMAR, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
Toxins (Basel). 2018 Jan 20;10(1):48. doi: 10.3390/toxins10010048.
Picocyanobacteria are extremely important organisms in the world's oceans and freshwater ecosystems. They play an essential role in primary production and their domination in phytoplankton biomass is common in both oligotrophic and eutrophic waters. Their role is expected to become even more relevant with the effect of climate change. However, this group of photoautotrophic organisms still remains insufficiently recognized. Only a few works have focused in detail on the occurrence of massive blooms of picocyanobacteria, their toxicity and allelopathic activity. Filling the gap in our knowledge about the mechanisms involved in the proliferation of these organisms could provide a better understanding of aquatic environments. In this review, we gathered and described recent information about allelopathic activity of picocyanobacteria and occurrence of their massive blooms in many aquatic ecosystems. We also examined the relationships between climate change and representative picocyanobacterial genera from freshwater, brackish and marine ecosystems. This work emphasizes the importance of studying the smallest picoplanktonic fractions of cyanobacteria.
微囊藻是海洋和淡水生态系统中非常重要的生物，在初级生产中发挥着至关重要的作用，它们在贫营养和富营养水域的浮游植物生物量中占主导地位。随着气候变化的影响，它们的作用预计将变得更加重要。然而，这组光自养生物仍然没有得到足够的认识。只有少数研究详细关注了微囊藻的大规模爆发、它们的毒性和化感活性。填补我们对这些生物增殖机制的知识空白，可以更好地了解水生环境。在这篇综述中，我们收集并描述了关于微囊藻化感活性和在许多水生生态系统中大规模爆发的最新信息。我们还研究了气候变化与淡水、半咸水和海洋生态系统中代表性微囊藻属之间的关系。这项工作强调了研究蓝藻最小的微微型浮游植物群体的重要性。
