Price James H, Khubchandani Jagdish, Webb Fern J
1 University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
2 Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA.
Health Promot Pract. 2018 Mar;19(2):170-174. doi: 10.1177/1524839918755143. Epub 2018 Jan 24.
More than a tenth of the U.S. population (13% = 41 million people) is currently living in poverty. In this population, the socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions have detrimental health effects such as higher rates of chronic diseases, communicable illnesses, health risk behaviors, and premature mortality. People living in poverty are also deprived of social, psychological, and political power, leading to continuation of worsening health and chronic deprivation over generations. The health of individuals living in poverty poses greater challenges from policy, practice, and research standpoints. Public health professionals are poised uniquely to be advocates for the marginalized, be the resource persons for health education, implement health promotion programs, and conduct research to understand health effects of poverty and design tailored and targeted public health interventions. In this article, we summarize the opportunities for public health practice with individuals living in poverty.
超过十分之一的美国人口（13%，即4100万人）目前生活在贫困之中。在这一人群中，社会经济、文化和环境状况对健康产生有害影响，如慢性病、传染病发病率较高，存在健康风险行为以及过早死亡。生活在贫困中的人们还被剥夺了社会、心理和政治权力，导致健康状况不断恶化，贫困代代延续。从政策、实践和研究的角度来看，贫困人口的健康带来了更大的挑战。公共卫生专业人员具有独特的优势，能够成为边缘化人群的倡导者，担任健康教育的资源提供者，实施健康促进项目，并开展研究以了解贫困对健康的影响，设计量身定制且有的放矢的公共卫生干预措施。在本文中，我们总结了针对贫困人口开展公共卫生实践的机会。
