a Obstetrics & Gynecology Department , Malaga University School of Medicine , Málaga , Spain.
b Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology , Málaga Regional & University Hospital , Málaga , Spain.
J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2019 Jun;40(2):106-113. doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2018.1427726. Epub 2018 Jan 24.
We designed this study to ascertain the prevalence of depressive disorders and anxiety at the beginning of the pregnancy, studying possible associated factors and assessing the influence of mood disorders on perinatal outcomes. A representative sample of 191 pregnant women at first trimester of their pregnancies completed a questionnaire that included the Whooley´s questions, the Spanish version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and a series of questions related to health status, general mood and sociodemographic variables. Later, we prospectively evaluated the influence of anxiety and depression on the perinatal and obstetric results in 145 of them. More than 20% of pregnant women presented high levels of anxiety. The mean values of the state and trait anxiety scores were 38.7 (SD 9.8) and 34.5 (SD 9.5). The mean BDI score was 5.97 (SD 4.9), with 9.5% of participants achieving scores compatible with depression, (61% mild in, 22.2% moderate, and 16.6% severe). BDI scores were significantly lower in women who became pregnant after assisted reproductive techniques. We observed an association between depression and trait anxiety scores with an infant's low birth weight. The multivariate analysis showed that the feeling of happiness at the beginning of pregnancy was the best predictor of foetal weight. The prevalence of emotional disorders in the first trimester of pregnancy is high, with more than 20% of pregnant women presenting high levels of anxiety, and more than 9.5% presenting depression. During the first trimester, depression and anxiety were associated with low birth weight.
我们设计这项研究是为了确定妊娠早期抑郁障碍和焦虑的患病率，研究可能的相关因素，并评估情绪障碍对围产期结局的影响。我们对 191 名处于妊娠早期的孕妇进行了一项代表性调查，完成了一份问卷，其中包括 Whoolley 问题、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）的西班牙语版本、状态-特质焦虑量表和一系列与健康状况、一般情绪和社会人口统计学变量相关的问题。之后，我们前瞻性地评估了 145 名孕妇中焦虑和抑郁对围产期和产科结果的影响。超过 20%的孕妇表现出高水平的焦虑。状态和特质焦虑得分的平均值分别为 38.7（SD 9.8）和 34.5（SD 9.5）。BDI 得分的平均值为 5.97（SD 4.9），其中 9.5%的参与者得分与抑郁相符（61%轻度、22.2%中度和 16.6%重度）。在接受辅助生殖技术后怀孕的女性中，BDI 得分显著较低。我们观察到抑郁和特质焦虑得分与婴儿低出生体重之间存在关联。多变量分析显示，妊娠早期的幸福感是胎儿体重的最佳预测指标。妊娠早期情绪障碍的患病率较高，超过 20%的孕妇表现出高水平的焦虑，超过 9.5%的孕妇出现抑郁。在妊娠早期，抑郁和焦虑与低出生体重有关。
